基于多特征融合的卫星单-混信号识别方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.11.33

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对卫星通信领域中常见的调制信号和成对载波多址信号的识别问题，综合考虑混合幅度比、频偏大小以及信噪比对算法的影响，将平方谱相对突出度、幂次能量谱香农熵这两种创新的特征提取算法以及传统的基于高阶累积量的特征分析技术进行融合，设计并实现了一个决策树分类器用于调制识别。仿真结果表明，该算法无需信号的诸多先验信息，对一定范围内的幅度比、收发载频之间的频差不敏感，当信噪比大于9 dB时，算法在识别常见的卫星单-混信号方面实现了99%的准确率，显示了其较高的识别性能。

关键词: 成对载波多址, 调制识别, 谱线突出度, 信息熵, 高阶累积量, 决策树分类器

Abstract:

Aiming at the identification of both common modulated signals and paired carrier multiple access signals within the context of satellite communications, the impacts of mixed amplitude ratio, frequency deviation magnitude, and signal-to-noise ratio are considered, traditional higher-order cumulants techniques with two innovative feature extraction methods: squared-spectrum relative saliency and power-energy-spectrum Shannon entropy are integrated. Subsequently, a decision tree classifier is constructed for modulation recognition. Simulation results indicate that, the proposed approach requires little prior information about the signal and exhibits reduced sensitivity to variations in amplitude ratio within a specified range and frequency differences between transceiver carrier frequencies. Notably, when the signal-to-noise ratio exceeds 9 dB, the method achieves a recognition rate exceeding 99% for typical satellite single-mixed signals, demonstrating the high recognition performance of the algorithm.

Key words: paired carrier multiple access, modulation recognition, prominence of spectral lines, information entropy, high-order cumulants, decision tree classifier

中图分类号:

TN 911.7

孙鹏, 魏新平, 王恒, 王玮, 巩克现. 基于多特征融合的卫星单-混信号识别方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2025, 47(11): 3859-3867.

Peng SUN, Xinping WEI, Heng WANG, Wei WANG, Kexian GONG. Satellite single-mixed signal identification method based on multi-feature fusion[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2025, 47(11): 3859-3867.

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调制信号	${\mathrm{L{N}}_s}$
BPSK单-混信号	1~6
QPSK单-混信号	>6
OQPSK单-混信号	2~4
π/4-DQPSK单-混信号	>6
8PSK单-混信号	>6
16QAM单-混信号	>6

调制方式	${C_{21}}$	${C_{42}}$	${C_{63}}$
QPSK	E	$-{E^{{2}}}$	${{4}}{E^3}$
π/4-DQPSK	E	$-{E^{{2}}}$	${{4}}{E^3}$
8PSK	E	$-{E^{{2}}}$	${{4}}{E^3}$
16QAM	E	${{ - 0}}{{.68}}{E^{{2}}}$	${{2}}{{.08}}{E^3}$
QPSK混	E	${{ - 0}}{{.5}}{E^{{2}}}$	${E^3}$
π/4-DQPSK混	E	${{ - 0}}{{.5}}{E^{{2}}}$	${E^3}$
8PSK混	E	${{ - 0}}{{.5}}{E^{{2}}}$	${E^3}$
16QAM混	E	${{ - 0}}{{.34}}{E^{{2}}}$	${{0}}{{.52}}{E^3}$

调制方式	${C_{21}}$	${C_{40}}$	${C_{42}}$
QPSK	E	${E^{\text{2}}}$	$-{\text{ }}{E^{\text{2}}}$
π/4-DQPSK	E	${E^{\text{2}}}$	$-{\text{ }}{E^{\text{2}}}$
8PSK	E	0	$-{\text{ }}{E^{\text{2}}}$
16QAM	E	${\text{0}}{\text{.45}}{E^{\text{2}}}$	$-{\text{ 0}}{\text{.26}}{E^2}$
QPSK混	E	0	$ {\text{0}}{\text{.25}}{E^2} $
π/4-DQPSK混	E	$-{\text{ 1}}{\text{.27}}{E^{\text{2}}}$	$-{\text{ 0}}{\text{.075}}{E^2}$
8PSK混	E	0	${\text{0}}{\text{.25}}{E^2}$
16QAM混	E	0	${\text{0}}{\text{.75}}{E^2}$

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