非理想信道估计下基于IRS的共生无线电系统设计与优化

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.10.39

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (10): 3693-3702.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.10.39

• 通信与网络 • 上一篇

非理想信道估计下基于IRS的共生无线电系统设计与优化

雷维嘉¹^,², 刘佳艺¹^,²(), 贾哲¹^,²

1. 重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院，重庆 400065
2. 重庆邮电大学移动通信技术重庆市重点实验室，重庆 400065

收稿日期:2025-09-08 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-09-30
通讯作者: 贾哲 E-mail:632972825@qq.com
作者简介:雷维嘉（1969—），男，教授，博士，主要研究方向为无线通信和移动通信技术
刘佳艺（2001—），女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为多址接入和反向散射通信技术
基金资助:
重庆市自然科学基金创新发展联合基金(CSTB2025NSCQ-LZX0053)资助课题

Design and optimization of symbiotic radio systems based on IRS under non-ideal channel estimation

Weijia Lei¹^,², Jiayi Liu¹^,²(), Zhe Jia¹^,²

1. School of Communications and Information Engineering，Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications，Chongqing 400065，China
2. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology，Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications，Chongqing 400065，China

Received:2025-09-08 Online:2026-10-25 Published:2026-09-30
Contact: Zhe Jia E-mail:632972825@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

智能反射面（intelligent reflecting surface，IRS）作为反向散射设备可显著提升共生无线电系统的性能。针对一个基于IRS的共生无线电系统，设计传输帧结构和基于导频的信道估计方案，推导存在导频开销和信道估计误差条件下的主传输速率、次级传输符号错误概率和传输速率的表达式。进一步，在满足次级传输速率约束下，对导频符号数、主次符号周期比、散射调制阶数等进行优化，最大化主传输速率。优化问题为非凸整数优化问题，将其分解为两层优化，再采用定步长搜索、黄金分割等方法进行求解。通过仿真对理论分析的准确性和优化方案的有效性进行了验证。结果显示，次级传输错误概率的理论值与仿真值一致，证明理论分析准确；相较于对比方案，在相同的次级传输速率约束下，所提方案的主传输速率高于未优化IRS相移的共生方案和完全优化的基于IRS的寄生方案，而非常接近于无导频开销和信道估计误差条件下的共生方案，验证了所提方案的有效性。

关键词: 智能反射面, 共生无线电, 导频, 信道估计

Abstract:

Intelligent reflective surface （IRS） can significantly enhance the performance of symbiotic radio systems when employed as backscatter devices. For an IRS-based symbiotic radio system, a transmission frame structure and a pilot-based channel estimation scheme are designed. The primary transmission rate, as well as the symbol error probability and the transmission rate of the secondary transmission are derived taking into account pilot overhead and channel estimation errors. Furthermore, under the constraint of the secondary transmission rate, the number of pilot symbols, the primary-to-secondary symbol period ratio and the scattering modulation order are optimized to maximize the primary transmission rate. This optimization problem, which is a non-convex integer optimization problem, is decomposed into a two-level optimization problem and solved using methods such as fixed-step search method and the golden-section search. The accuracy of theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the optimization scheme are verified through simulation. The results show that the theoretical value of the secondary transmission error probability is consistent with the simulation value, proving the accuracy of theoretical analysis. Compared with the comparative scheme, under the same secondary transmission rate constraint, the primary transmission rate of the proposed scheme is higher than that of the symbiotic scheme without optimized IRS phase shift and the fully optimized IRS-based parasitic scheme, and is very close to the symbiotic scheme under the condition of no pilot overhead and channel estimation error, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

Key words: intelligent reflection surface (IRS), symbiotic radio, pilot, channel estimation

中图分类号:

TN92

雷维嘉, 刘佳艺, 贾哲. 非理想信道估计下基于IRS的共生无线电系统设计与优化[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2026, 48(10): 3693-3702.

Weijia Lei, Jiayi Liu, Zhe Jia. Design and optimization of symbiotic radio systems based on IRS under non-ideal channel estimation[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(10): 3693-3702.

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非理想信道估计下基于IRS的共生无线电系统设计与优化

Design and optimization of symbiotic radio systems based on IRS under non-ideal channel estimation

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