无线电近炸引信抗信息型干扰技术研究综述

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.04.06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

当前, 针对无线电引信的信息型干扰因效率较高、效果显著而受到广泛的关注。为保证无线电引信在战场上稳定发挥毁伤效能, 抗信息型干扰技术成为无线电引信抗干扰领域的研究热点。以引信抗干扰需求作为引入, 从单模态、多模态和认知技术3个方面来阐述无线电引信抗信息型干扰的研究现状。现有的抗信息型干扰手段存在分辨率恶化、信号处理方法不适用等诸多问题, 结合频控阵-多输入多输出(frequency diverse array-multiple-input multiple-output, FDA-MIMO)技术独特的“S”形弯曲阵列方向图, 从测向欺骗、低截获点状波束形成和抗主瓣干扰3个方面对FDA-MIMO技术抗干扰方法进行综述, 并对每一种方法进行评述。最后, 对基于FDA-MIMO的无线电近炸引信抗信息型干扰技术进行了展望。

关键词: 无线电近炸引信, 抗干扰, 频控阵, 信息型干扰

Abstract:

In order to ensure the stable damage efficiency of the radio fuze in the battlefield, the technology of anti-information interference has become a research hotspot in the field of anti-information interference of radio fuze. This paper elaborates the research status of radio fuze anti-information interference from three aspects: single mode, multi-mode and cognitive technology with the introduction of the requirements of fuze interference. The existing anti-information interference methods have many problems, such as the deterioration of resolution, the inapplicability of signal processing methods and so on. Combined with the unique 'S'-shaped curved array pattern of frequency diverse array-multiple-input multiple-output (FDA-MIMO) technology, the anti-interference methods of FDA-MIMO technology is reviewed from three aspects: direction finding deception, low intercept point beamforming and anti-mainlobe interference. Each of the three methods is reviewed. Finally, the anti-information interference technology of radio proximity fuze based on FDA-MIMO is prospected.

Key words: radio proximity fuze, anti-interference, frequency diverse array (FDA), information-based interference

中图分类号:

贾金伟, 高敏, 韩壮志, 刘利民, 尹园威. 无线电近炸引信抗信息型干扰技术研究综述[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2025, 47(4): 1074-1107.

Jinwei JIA, Min GAO, Zhuangzhi HAN, Limin LIU, Yuanwei YIN. Overview of anti-information interference technology for radio proximity fuze[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2025, 47(4): 1074-1107.

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波段	距离/km
波段	0.05	0.1	0.5	1	2	5	10
X波段	-37	-43	-57	-64	-69	-77	-84
V波段	-54	-61	-82	-95	-117	-173	-259

探测体制	优点	缺点
激光引信	精度高、测距远、隐蔽性好、抗电磁干扰能力强	穿透烟雾粉尘能力差、探测范围局限性大
红外引信	灵敏度高、隐蔽性好、具备夜视和三维成像能力	对战场复杂环境中热辐射来源要求较高
被动声探测	技术成熟、结构简单、定位精度高	抗复杂声场环境能力较弱
无线电引信	测量精度高、对战场应用环境要求低、节能	抗电磁干扰能力较差

阵列类型	弧形频控阵	传统频控阵
波束合成模式
波束合成控制	适当的相位补偿	不需要相位补偿
阵元工作情况	部分阵元工作	全部阵元工作
阵元间距	不均匀分布	等间隔均匀分布
阵元之间的频率偏移	存在	存在
目标方向的阵元远场矢量	不同	相同

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