脉间捷变频SAR快速补偿频域成像处理算法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.03.12

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3): 797-806.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.03.12

• 传感器与信号处理 • 上一篇

脉间捷变频SAR快速补偿频域成像处理算法

陈世龙¹^,², 刘霖¹^,²^,*, 王晓蓓¹, 曾翰森¹^,², 刘亚波¹^,², 刘翔¹

1. 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院, 北京 100094
2. 中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2023-12-29 出版日期:2025-03-28 发布日期:2025-04-18
通讯作者: 刘霖
作者简介:陈世龙 (2000—), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为抗有源欺骗干扰下的参数捷变波形设计及成像处理算法
刘霖 (1982—), 男, 副研究员, 硕士, 主要研究方向为星载成像雷达、星载情报雷达、星载SAR实时成像处理、SAR目标实时检测与识别
王晓蓓 (1991—), 女, 助理研究员, 硕士, 主要研究方向为相控阵雷达系统信号处理
曾翰森 (2001—), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为相控阵雷达天线
刘亚波 (1984—), 男, 副研究员, 博士, 主要研究方向为微波成像理论、雷达目标识别
刘翔 (1979—), 男, 工程师, 主要研究方向为微流控芯片、系统可靠性
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(61971026)

Fast compensation frequency-domain imaging processing algorithm for inter-pules frequency agility SAR

Shilong CHEN¹^,², Lin LIU¹^,²^,*, Xiaobei WANG¹, Hansen ZENG¹^,², Yabo LIU¹^,², Xiang LIU¹

1. Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
2. School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2023-12-29 Online:2025-03-28 Published:2025-04-18
Contact: Lin LIU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar, SAR)脉间载频捷变技术通过随机改变每个脉冲信号的载频, 主动增加了雷达波形的复杂度和不确定性, 能够有效对抗有源欺骗干扰, 但脉间载频捷变会导致多普勒调频率捷变、方位向无法压缩等问题。对此, 提出一种快速补偿频域成像处理方案。考虑到脉间捷变频信号脉间相位历程变化、脉内线性调频的特性, 在距离向脉冲压缩后能避免相位随距离空变, 并通过对距离向主瓣精准补偿和旁瓣近似补偿, 实现在快速成像的同时, 抑制距离向旁瓣, 提升弱目标显示能力, 其计算量与传统固定波形SAR成像计算量相当。仿真数据处理得到了点目标、面目标在有源欺骗干扰下的成像结果, 验证了该方案的有效性及抗干扰性能。此外, 该处理方案下点目标的峰值旁瓣比和积分旁瓣比对比传统固定波形处理方案能分别有效提升12 dB和10 dB。

关键词: 合成孔径雷达, 抗干扰, 脉间捷变频信号, 频域成像, 有源欺骗干扰

Abstract:

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) inter-pulse carrier frequency agility technology actively increases the complexity and uncertainty of radar waveforms by randomly varying the signal carrier frequency between pulses, effectively countering active deception interference. However, frequency agility between pulses can introduce Doppler frequency modulation agility, resulting in the inability to compress in the azimuth direction. To address this, a rapid compensation frequency-domain imaging processing approach is proposed. By considering the changes in phase history between pulses and the characteristics of intra-pulse linear frequency modulation, phase spatial variation with range after range pulse compression is avoided. It achieves rapid imaging while suppressing range sidelobes and enhancing the detection of weak targets by accurately compensating the main lobe and approximately compensating the sidelobes in the range direction. The computational complexity of this scheme is comparable to traditional fixed waveform SAR imaging. Simulation data processing demonstrates the effectiveness and anti-interference performance of this approach by obtaining imaging results for point and area targets under active deception interference. Furthermore, the proposed processing scheme effectively improves the peak sidelobe ratio and integrated sidelobe ratio of point targets by 12 dB and 10 dB, respectively, compared to traditional fixed waveform processing.

Key words: synthetic aperture radar (SAR), anti-interference, inter-pulse frequency agile signal, frequency-domain imaging, active deception interference

中图分类号:

TN974

陈世龙, 刘霖, 王晓蓓, 曾翰森, 刘亚波, 刘翔. 脉间捷变频SAR快速补偿频域成像处理算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2025, 47(3): 797-806.

Shilong CHEN, Lin LIU, Xiaobei WANG, Hansen ZENG, Yabo LIU, Xiang LIU. Fast compensation frequency-domain imaging processing algorithm for inter-pules frequency agility SAR[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2025, 47(3): 797-806.

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参数	值	参数	值
信号载频f_c/GHz	5.4	平台高度H/m	2 000
捷变带宽Δf/MHz	200	移动速度V/(m/s)	100
信号脉宽T_p/μs	4	天线长度D/m	1.2
带宽B_W/MHz	200	重复频率PRF/Hz	1 000
入射角R_a/(°)	45	斜视角S_a/(°)	0
方位采样点	1 024	距离采样点	2 048

算法及捷变范围	峰值旁瓣比	积分旁瓣比
RD-0 MHz	-12.78	-9.77
BP-0 MHz	-13.94	-10.77
RD-200 MHz	-25.86	-21.90
BP-200 MHz	-15.36	-16.28

算法及捷变范围	峰值旁瓣比	积分旁瓣比
RD-0 MHz	-13.58	-10.24
BP-0 MHz	-15.08	-11.40
RD-200 MHz	-13.57	-9.52
BP-200 MHz	-14.88	-5.22

捷变频调频范围/MHz	峰值旁瓣比		积分旁瓣比
捷变频调频范围/MHz	距离向	方位向	距离向	方位向
20	-13.04	-13.61	-11.19	-10.35
300	-20.54	-14.50	-15.38	-9.32
400	-15.21	-16.07	-10.29	-8.59
600	-15.21	-15.60	-10.40	-8.36
800	-16.61	-13.95	-10.88	-7.50

算法	二阶熵/dB			平均用时/s
算法	船舶	飞机	码头	平均用时/s
LFM_(RD)	7.020 7	6.323 8	9.540 4	2.35
FA-LFM_(RD)	6.974 1	6.037 6	9.509 2	2.59
FA-LFM_(BP)	6.598 0	5.727 5	9.214 2 dB	51.91

脉间捷变频SAR快速补偿频域成像处理算法

Fast compensation frequency-domain imaging processing algorithm for inter-pules frequency agility SAR

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