卫星导航时域自适应抗干扰技术综述

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.04.25

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 1164-1176.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.04.25

• 制导、导航与控制 • 上一篇

卫星导航时域自适应抗干扰技术综述

宋捷¹, 鲁祖坤¹^,*, 刘哲¹, 肖志斌¹, 党超², 王芝应³, 孙广富¹

1. 国防科技大学电子科学学院, 湖南长沙 410073
2. 西安空间无线电技术研究所, 陕西西安 710000
3. 北京卫星导航中心, 北京 100085

收稿日期:2022-01-20 出版日期:2023-03-29 发布日期:2023-03-28
通讯作者: 鲁祖坤
作者简介:宋捷(1998—), 女, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为星基导航与定位技术、卫星导航抗干扰技术
鲁祖坤(1989—), 男, 讲师, 博士, 主要研究方向为星基导航与定位技术、卫星导航抗干扰技术
刘哲(1987—), 男, 讲师, 博士, 主要研究方向为星基导航与定位技术
肖志斌(1986—), 男, 讲师, 博士, 主要研究方向为星基导航与定位技术
党超(1988—), 男, 工程师, 硕士, 主要研究方向为导航信号接收与抗干扰技术
王芝应(1987—), 男, 工程师, 硕士, 主要研究方向为卫星导航应用技术
孙广富(1970—), 男, 研究员, 博士研究生导师, 博士, 主要研究方向为卫星导航信号处理技术

Review on the time-domain interference suppression of navigation receiver

Jie SONG¹, Zukun LU¹^,*, Zhe LIU¹, Zhibin XIAO¹, Chao DANG², Zhiying WANG³, Guangfu SUN¹

1. College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
2. Xi'an Institute of Space Radio Technology, Xi'an 710000, China
3. Beijing Satellite Navigation Center, Beijing 100085, China

Received:2022-01-20 Online:2023-03-29 Published:2023-03-28
Contact: Zukun LU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

时域自适应抗干扰是导航对抗领域最常规的抗干扰技术之一, 可以通过自适应算法生成时域滤波器, 在不需要先验信息的前提下应对复杂多变的窄带干扰。随着干扰环境复杂化、干扰手段扩大化, 给传统时域抗干扰带来了高抗干扰性能不足、复杂度过高、测距稳健性不足的难题, 时域抗干扰技术也在导航对抗升级的同时不断改进和发展。介绍了时域抗干扰的基本概念以及经典算法, 对近年来时域抗干扰研究面临的主要问题进行了归纳总结, 并分别从提高算法收敛性、降低硬件复杂度以及提高测距精度3个方面给出了技术发展概述。最后, 根据对已有技术的总结和面临的工程问题, 对未来时域抗干扰技术的发展方向做出了展望。

关键词: 卫星导航接收机, 时域抗干扰, 算法收敛性, 硬件复杂度, 测距精度

Abstract:

Time-domain adaptive anti-jamming is the most conventional anti-jamming technology in the field of navigation countermeasures. Time-domain anti-jamming technology can suppress changeable narrow-band interference without prior information through adaptive algorithm. With the complexity of the interference environment and the expansion of interference methods, traditional time-domain anti-jamming has brought high anti-jamming performance, insufficient performance, and high complexity. The problem of insufficient ranging robustness, time-domain anti-jamming technology is constantly improving and developing while navigation countermeasures are being upgraded. The basic concepts and classic algorithms of time-domain anti-jamming are introduced, and the main problems faced by time-domain anti-jamming research in recent years are summarized. It also focuses on improving algorithm convergence, reducing hardware complexity, and improving ranging accuracy. The aspect gives an overview of technological development. Finally, based on the summary of the existing technology and the engineering problems faced, a prospect for the future development direction of anti-jamming technology in the time domain is made.

Key words: satellite navigation receivers, time-domain anti-jamming, algorithm convergence, hardware complexity, ranging accuracy

中图分类号:

TN967.1

宋捷, 鲁祖坤, 刘哲, 肖志斌, 党超, 王芝应, 孙广富. 卫星导航时域自适应抗干扰技术综述[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(4): 1164-1176.

Jie SONG, Zukun LU, Zhe LIU, Zhibin XIAO, Chao DANG, Zhiying WANG, Guangfu SUN. Review on the time-domain interference suppression of navigation receiver[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 45(4): 1164-1176.

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算法	关键步骤	优点	缺点
Levinson-Durbin	$\begin{aligned}\hat{\rho}(n) & =\sum_{n=0}^{M+1-k} r(n) r(n+k) \\k & =0, 1, \cdots, M+1\end{aligned}$	可取代矩阵求逆中的大容量计算, 在任何域上都成立	参数误差受限于采样间隔; 需要更多样本进行预测; 功率谱受相关函数估计的影响
Burg	$\begin{gathered}a=\frac{2 \sum_{i=M+2}^N f_M(i) b_M(i-1)}{\sum_{i=M+2}^N\left[f_M^2(i)+b_M^2(i-1)\right]}, \\M \geqslant 0\end{gathered}, $	频率分辨率高; 模型稳定; 计算效率高	不适用于高信噪比和高阶模型
LMS	$\boldsymbol{W}_M^{l+1}=\boldsymbol{W}_M^l+2 \mu e^*[n] \boldsymbol{x}[n]$	计算简单, 易于实用	收敛速度和稳态失调不可兼容
RLS	$\begin{gathered}k(n)=\frac{\lambda^{-1} \boldsymbol{P}(n-1) \boldsymbol{x}[n]}{1+\lambda^{-1} \boldsymbol{x}^{\mathrm{H}}[n] \boldsymbol{P}(n-1) \boldsymbol{x}[n]} \\P(n)=\lambda^{-1} \boldsymbol{P}(n-1)-\lambda^{-1} k(n) \boldsymbol{x}^{\mathrm{H}}[n] \boldsymbol{P}(n-1)\end{gathered}$	与输入统计特性无关; 收敛速度快; 跟踪性能好	运算量大; 稳定性差

参数/性能	算法
参数/性能	Kwong(VSS-LMS)	Aboulnasr(RVS-LMS)	Karni	SVSLMS	NVLMS
参数	μ_max=3×10^－6	μ₀=10^－6	μ_max=4×10^－5	α=0.005	μ=3×10^－6
	μ_max=10^－6	α=0.995	α=5×10^－7	β=6×10^－5
	α=0.97	β=0.99
	β=0.6	γ=0.02
载噪比/(dB·Hz)	43.542 9	42.683 3(剔除抗干扰失败数据)	44.679 6	43.699 9	43.448 5

算法	可变参数	优点	缺点
SF-LMS	5	阶数快速收敛达到稳态	控制滤波器结构不实用
GD-LMS	3	易于应用	受到整数阶数的限制
FTLMS	5	提高了灵活性, 降低了算法误差	最佳参数获取需要大量经验

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[2]	王虹, 李兴国, 王剑桥. 基于离散双正交傅里叶变换的FMCW雷达测距方法[J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2012, 34(7): 1372-1376.

卫星导航时域自适应抗干扰技术综述

Review on the time-domain interference suppression of navigation receiver

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