面向射频隐身的多无人机协同区域覆盖航迹优化方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.01.27

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (1): 301-311.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.01.27

面向射频隐身的多无人机协同区域覆盖航迹优化方法

李正杰¹^,², 刘光远¹, 张浩为³^,*, 刘斌⁴, 齐铖³

1. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所，四川绵阳 621000
2. 飞行器流体物理全国重点实验室，四川绵阳 621000
3. 空军工程大学防空反导学院，陕西西安 710051
4. 国防大学联合作战学院，北京 100091

收稿日期:2024-11-22 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-02-11
通讯作者: 张浩为
作者简介:李正杰（1995—），男，工程师，博士，主要研究方向为实验空气动力学、飞行器控制、机载雷达一体化调控
刘光远（1983—），男，高级工程师，博士，主要研究方向为实验空气动力学、无人机作战
刘　斌（1991—），男，副教授，博士，主要研究方向为电磁频谱作战
齐　铖（1998—），男，博士研究生，主要研究方向为雷达资源管理
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(62001506)；国家社会科学基金(2023-SKJJ-C-054)；陕西省科学技术协会青年人才托举计划(20230137)资助课题

Radio frequency stealth oriented multi-UAV trajectory optimization method for cooperative area coverage

Zhengjie LI¹^,², Guangyuan LIU¹, Haowei ZHANG³^,*, Bin LIU⁴, Cheng QI³

1. High Speed Aerodynamic Institute，China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center，Mianyang 621000，China
2. National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Physics in Fluids，Mianyang 621000，China
3. Air and Missile Defense College，Air Force Engineering University，Xi’an 710051，China
4. Joint Operations College，National Defense University，Beijing 100091，China

Received:2024-11-22 Online:2026-01-25 Published:2026-02-11
Contact: Haowei ZHANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在区域覆盖任务中，多无人机（unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV）编队协同具有高度的机动性和较强的鲁棒性，可对任务区域情报进行快速搜集并根据环境变化实时做出反应。随着电磁频谱作战的深入应用，UAV执行搜索任务时需要避免射频（radio frequency，RF）信号被侦察定位。为此，在考虑搜索效率的前提下，提出一种面向RF隐身的多UAV协同区域覆盖航迹优化方法。首先，对多UAV协同的航迹控制参数进行分析，以RF信号被截获概率作为评价RF隐身性能的指标，在满足航迹控制约束和截获概率阈值的基础上，构建面向RF隐身的航迹优化模型。然后，通过引入混沌序列初始化解集和Levy飞行机制更新粒子状态，结合动态惯性权重函数对粒子群优化算法进行改进，实现对协同区域覆盖航迹优化模型的求解。最后，仿真结果表明，相较于搜索性能驱动航迹优化方法，所提方法可以有效提升UAV编队的RF隐身性能。

关键词: 航迹优化, 多无人机协同, 射频隐身, 区域覆盖, 改进粒子群优化

Abstract:

In the area coverage task, the cooperation of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles （UAVs） formation has high mobility and strong robustness, which can quickly collect information in the task area and respond in real time according to the environment changes. With the deepening application of electromagnetic spectrum warfare, UAV needs to avoid the radio frequency （RF） signals being detected and located when performing searching tasks. Therefore, on the basis of considering searching efficiency, a RF stealth oriented multi-UAV trajectory optimization method for cooperative area coverage is proposed. Firstly, the trajectory control parameters of multi-UAV cooperation are analyzed, and the probability of RF signal being intercepted is adopted as the criterion to evaluate the RF stealth performance. Based on the trajectory control constraints and the threshold of interception probability, the trajectory optimization model for the RF stealth is constructed. Then, the modified particle swarm optimization （PSO） algorithm is achieved by introducing the chaotic sequence for initializing solution set and the Levy flight mechanism for updating particle state, and combining with the dynamic inertia weight function, which realizes the solution of the trajectory optimization model for cooperative area coverage. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the RF stealth performance of UAVs formation compared with the searching performance-driven trajectory optimization method.

Key words: trajectory optimization, multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) collaboration, radio frequency stealth, area coverage, modified particle swarm optimization (PSO)

中图分类号:

TN 958

李正杰, 刘光远, 张浩为, 刘斌, 齐铖. 面向射频隐身的多无人机协同区域覆盖航迹优化方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2026, 48(1): 301-311.

Zhengjie LI, Guangyuan LIU, Haowei ZHANG, Bin LIU, Cheng QI. Radio frequency stealth oriented multi-UAV trajectory optimization method for cooperative area coverage[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(1): 301-311.

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参数	数值	参数	数值
$ {P_0} $/W	300	$ {r_0} $/m	800
$ {\eta _0} $/rad	2.1	$ {\lambda _{\text{0}}} $/m	0.1
$ {D_{\max }} $/m	600	$ {D_{\min }} $/m	80
$ {d_{\max }} $/km	13	$ {d_{\min }} $/m	150
$ \Delta {\varphi _{\max }} $/rad	1	$ {T_{\text{s}}} $/s	1

参数	数值	参数	数值
$ {G_{\text{T}}} $/dB	4	$ {G_{\text{I}}} $/dB	10
$ {G_{{\text{IP}}}} $/dB	3	$ {F_{\text{I}}} $/dB	6
$ {B_{\text{I}}} $/GHz	600	$ {p_{{\text{fa}}}} $	$ {10^{ - 8}} $

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面向射频隐身的多无人机协同区域覆盖航迹优化方法

Radio frequency stealth oriented multi-UAV trajectory optimization method for cooperative area coverage

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