UCA-OAM通信系统下的联合域信道估计

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.10.32

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

聚焦轨道角动量(orbital angular momentum，OAM)技术在无线通信中的应用，针对收发端均匀圆形天线(uniform circular antenna, UCA)阵列未对准的多径通信场景，提出OAM域与空间域联合的信道估计方案。由于收发端UCA难以严格对齐且 OAM波束易产生多径效应，方案分两阶段进行信道估计。第一阶段在OAM域估计直达径参数，应用旋转不变技术信号参数估计算法得到直达径信道；第二阶段在空间域估计散射径参数，通过混合信号与直达径信号相减得到散射信号，利用逆离散傅里叶变换和多信号分类算法估计角度参数完成信道估计。仿真结果表明，该方案能准确估计直达径和散射径参数，均方误差曲线性能良好，为OAM技术在无线通信中的应用提供有效方案。

关键词: 轨道角动量, 无线通信, 多径效应, 信道估计

Abstract:

focusing on the application of orbital angular momentum （OAM） technology in wireless communication, a channel estimation scheme based on the combination of OAM domain and spatial domain is proposed for the multi-path communication scenario where the uniform circular antenna （UCA） array at the receiving and sending end is misaligned. Because UCA is difficult to be strictly aligned and OAM beam is easy to produce multi-path effect, channel estimation is carried out in two stages. In the first stage, the direct path parameters are estimated in OAM domain, and the direct path channel is obtained by estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques algorithm. In the second stage, the scattering path parameters are estimated in the space domain. The scattering signal is obtained by subtracting the mixed signal and the direct path signal. The angle parameters are estimated by inverse discrete Fourier transform and multiple signal classification algorithm to complete the channel estimation. The simulation results show that this scheme can accurately estimate the parameters of direct path and scattering path, and has good performance of mean square error curve, which provides an effective scheme for the application of OAM technology in wireless communication.

Key words: orbital angular momentum （OAM）, wireless communication, multi-path effect, channel estimation

中图分类号:

TN 92

李汀, 张春洁, 刘尚龙, 解培中. UCA-OAM通信系统下的联合域信道估计[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2025, 47(10): 3492-3503.

Ting LI, Chunjie ZHANG, Shanglong LIU, Peizhong XIE. Joint domain channel estimation in UCA-OAM communication system[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2025, 47(10): 3492-3503.

图/表 10

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