基于改进萤火虫算法的卫星网络路由优化方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.04.31

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对低轨卫星网络出现节点故障而导致延迟升高、无法保证报文可靠传输等问题, 提出一种基于改进萤火虫算法(improved firefly algorithm, IFA)的路由优化方法。首先, 为及时调整报文转发路径以绕过故障节点, 建立了基于路径可靠性的路由模型, 可全面评估路径质量。其次, 为应对卫星网络频繁的路由请求, 提高搜索到最优路径的成功率, 提出IFA求解路由模型。基于Levy飞行优化萤火虫种群初始化方法, 并依据萤火虫的年龄自适应调整光吸收系数和随机步长因子, 以提升算法收敛速度。同时, 混合遗传算法设计萤火虫交配阶段, 以提升算法探索解空间的能力。仿真结果表明, 在节点故障情况下, 该方法可规划有效最短路径, 显著降低网络的端到端延迟和丢包率, 并实现流量的负载均衡。

关键词: 低轨卫星网络, 启发式路由, 萤火虫算法, 遗传算法, 可靠性

Abstract:

In view of the problem of nodes failure in low Earth orbit satellite network, which causes higher delay and unreliable transmission of packets, a route optimization method based on improved firefly algorithm (IFA) is proposed. First, in order to adjust the packet forwarding path in time to avoid the nodes in failure, a routing model based on path reliability is established, which can comprehensively evaluate the path quality. Second, in order to cope with frequent routing requests from satellite network and improve the success rate of searching to the optimal path, an IFA is proposed to solve the routing model. The initialization method of firefly population is optimized based on Levy flight, and the light absorption coefficient and random step factor are adaptively adjusted based on the age of fireflies to improve the convergence speed of the algorithm. Meanwhile, the copulation of fireflies is designed by hybrid genetic algorithm to improve the ability of the algorithm to explore the solution space. Simulation result shows that the method can plan the effective shortest path, significantly reduce the end-to-end delay and packet loss rate of the network in the case of nodes failure, and realizes the load balancing of traffic.

Key words: low Earth orbit satellite network, heuristic routing, firefly algorithm, genetic algorithm, reliability

中图分类号:

TP393

孙正阳, 杜晔. 基于改进萤火虫算法的卫星网络路由优化方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2025, 47(4): 1346-1354.

Zhengyang SUN, Ye DU. Satellite network routing optimization method based on improved firefly algorithm[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2025, 47(4): 1346-1354.

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参数	值
卫星数量/颗	120
轨道数量/个	10
每个轨道的卫星数量/颗	12
轨道高度/km	1 200
轨道倾角/(°)	55
离心率/(°)	0
平均报文大小/KB	1
卫星缓冲队列大小/KB	100
链路带宽/Mbps	25

发送源	接收源
发送源	纽约	北京	巴黎	开罗	悉尼	圣保罗
纽约	-	25	37.5	5	7.5	25
北京	60	-	20	4	12	4
巴黎	67	17	-	3	5	8
开罗	50	6.25	37.5	-	3.75	2.5
悉尼	61	19	15	3	-	3
圣保罗	58	14	20	3	5	-

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