基于安全性建模的民机ILS信号设计

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.04.14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对当前均匀分布的仪表着陆系统(instrument landing system, ILS)信号无法反映出真实安全性变化的问题, 提出了基于高斯量化的ILS安全性信号设计方法。首先, 基于运行安全性确定安全范围并在此基础上进行逆向设计, 对飞行安全性进行高斯量化。然后, 从提高飞行员情景意识出发, 提出在安全范围内的不同偏移角度下, 仪表刻度变化率与安全性变化率保持一致的安全性信号设计方法。最后, 构建了飞行员认知模型, 在民机最后进近场景中, 对不同初始偏航角度进行了仿真实验。仿真实验结果表明, 所提方法提升了民机进近着陆阶段的安全性。

关键词: 动态安全性量化, 逆向设计, 情景意识, 仪表着陆信号设计

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem that the current uniformly distributed instrument landing system (ILS) signals cannot reflect the real safety changes, a Gaussian quantization based ILS safety signal design method is proposed. Firstly, based on operational safety, the safety range is determined and reverse design is carried out to perform Gaussian quantization on flight safety. Then, starting from improving the situational awareness of pilots, a safety signal design method is proposed to maintain consistency between the instrument scale change rate and the safety change rate at different offset angles within the safe range. Finally, a pilot cognitive model is constructed, and simulation experiments are conducted on different initial angle offsets in the final approach and landing scenario of civil aircraft. Simulation experiment results show that the proposed method improves the safety of the approach and landing phase of civil aircraft.

Key words: quantification of dynamic safety, reverse design, situational awareness, signal design of instrument landing system (ILS)

中图分类号:

袁心悦, 陈洪, 丁璐, 宋磊, 黄丹. 基于安全性建模的民机ILS信号设计[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(4): 1255-1263.

Xinyue YUAN, Hong CHEN, Lu DING, Lei SONG, Dan HUANG. ILS signal design based on modeling of safety for civil aircraft[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2024, 46(4): 1255-1263.

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实验设置	数值
实验1	以ILS偏差角0.1°进近PFD显示目前的ILS信号
实验2	以ILS偏差角0.1°进近PFD显示ILS安全性信号
实验3	以ILS偏差角0.3°进近PFD显示目前的ILS信号
实验4	以ILS偏差角0.3°进近PFD显示ILS安全性信号

要求	性能指标
1	纵向触底点距离跑道入口的距离小于60 m
2	纵向触底点距离跑道入口的距离大于823 m
3	飞机最外侧起落架距离跑道中心线的距离大于21 m

对照实验	Ⅰ级安全区域	Ⅱ级安全区域	不安全区域
实验1	85.98	11.27	2.75
实验2	89.27	8.91	1.82
实验3	70.32	18.64	11.04
实验4	77.25	14.52	8.23

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