基于DoDAF的民机MBSE研制方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2021.12.20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对传统的民机研制方法中面临的设计需求不完整、难以保证设计与需求一致性、设计方案难以更改等一系列问题, 结合美国国防部架构框架(Department of Defense Architecture Framework, DoDAF)的多个视角, 提出基于DoDAF的民机基于模型的系统工程研制方法。该方法参考DoDAF中不同的视点从多角度对民机研制要求进行分解与细化, 生成资源流动模型、活动模型以及系统接口模型等, 开发出信息更加立体的飞机能力模型, 指导民用飞机的设计, 证明了基于DoDAF的民机研制方法能够从多视角的角度完整、全面地分解飞机能力要求，并将其转化为具体的设计要求, 从而更好地指导民机研制, 提高民机研制效率。

关键词: 基于模型的系统工程, 美国国防部体系架构, 系统建模语言, 民用客机

Abstract:

Aiming at a series of problems in the traditional civil aircraft development methods, such as incomplete design requirements, difficulty in ensuring the consistency of design and requirements, and difficulty in changing design schemes, to propose a U.S.Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF)-based civil aircraft model-based systems engineering(MBSE) development method is proposed which combines multiple perspectives of the DoDAF framework. This method refers to different viewpoints in DODAF to decompose and refine the requirements of civil aircraft development from multiple perspectives, generate resource flow models, activity models, and system interface models. And a more three-dimensional aircraft capability model is developed to guide the design of civil aircraft. It is proved that the DoDAF-based civil aircraft development method can completely and comprehensively decompose aircraft capability requirements from a multi-perspective and transform them into specific design requirements, so as to better guide the development of civil aircraft and improve the efficiency of civil aircraft development.

Key words: model-based systems engineering, the U.S.Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF), systems modeling language (SysML), civil aircraft

中图分类号:

王雨农, 毕文豪, 张安, 詹超. 基于DoDAF的民机MBSE研制方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(12): 3579-3585.

Yunong WANG, Wenhao BI, An ZHANG, Chao ZHAN. DoDAF-based civil aircraft MBSE development method[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2021, 43(12): 3579-3585.

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状态	能力愿景
起飞	根据飞行员输入的航路点制订飞行计划并根据航段信息计算燃料、时间消耗等。在跑道上加速至决断速度V₁, 控制机头上扬; 继续加速至抬轮速度V_R, 抬起前轮; 继续加速至安全起飞速度V₂, 离开跑道并收起起落架; 在引导下继续加速至爬升速度。
爬升	在最优爬升剖面内爬升至巡航高度, 分持续爬升和阶段性爬升两种。
巡航	飞机以最优巡航速度和最优巡航高度在最优巡航剖面内飞行。
下降	沿预计轨迹逐渐降低高度并减速。
进近	飞机在机场上空由地面管制人员指挥对准跑道下降的阶段。这个阶段飞机需要按规则绕机场飞行后直接对准跑道, 飞机减速, 放下襟翼和起落架。
着陆	当飞机下滑到离地面7~8 m高度时, 把机头拉起。到1 m左右高度时使飞机拉平, 飞机以平行地面姿态下降, 飞机两个主轮平衡着地, 飞机前轮仍然离地, 以一定迎角滑跑一段距离以增加阻力, 然后前推驾驶杆使前轮着地, 这时使用刹车, 和反推装置(喷气飞机)或反桨装置(螺旋桨飞机)使飞机尽快把速度减低, 滑出跑道, 进入滑行道, 驶向机坪。

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