基于能力的数据链体系建模与仿真

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.03.23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着军事和科学技术的迅猛发展，数据链体系作战应用、技术体制以及相关指标论证需要先进的论证工具，能够利用建模仿真手段和定性定量方法，实现基于模型的数据链体系分析设计与验证，为数据链装备建设项目决策提供技术支持。首先，分析数据链体系“任务网-逻辑网-物理网”内在运行机理，介绍基于模型的数据链装备体系设计流程。然后，阐述数据链体系联合仿真系统总体设计框架和系统运行原理。最后，以美国海军综合火控制空系统为典型案例，实验结果证明了该数据链体系能力建模与仿真分析方法的可行性。

关键词: 任务链, 数据链, 基于模型的体系工程, 联合仿真

Abstract:

With the rapid development of military and scientific technology, the combat application, technique regime and related indicator demonstration of data link system require advanced argumentation tools that can utilize modeling and simulation techniques as well as qualitative and quantitative methods to achieve model-based analysis, design and verification of data link system, providing technical support for decision-making in data link equipment construction projects. Firstly, the internal operation mechanism of the “task net-logic net-physical net” in data link system is analyzed, and the model-based design process of data link system is introduced. Secondly, the overall design framework and operation principle of data link system co-simulation system are expounded. Finally, taking the U.S. Naval Integrated Fire Control-Counter Air as a typical case, the experimental results prove the feasibility of the modeling and simulation method for the data link system capability.

Key words: task chain, data link, model-based system-of-systems engineering (MBSoSE), co-simulation

中图分类号:

TP 391.9

吴蕊, 潘积远, 李富强. 基于能力的数据链体系建模与仿真[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2026, 48(3): 986-999.

Rui WU, Jiyuan PAN, Fuqiang LI. Modeling and simulation of data link system based on capability[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(3): 986-999.

图/表 17

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

表1

图12

图13

图14

图15

图16

参考文献 31

1	骆光明. 数据链-信息系统连接武器系统的捷径[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2008.
	LUO G M. Data link-the shortcut of information system to weapon system[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2008.
2	梅文华, 蔡善法. JTIDS/Link16数据链[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2007.
	MEI W H, CAI S F. JTIDS/Link 16 data link[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2007.
3	CJCSI 3170.01A. Requirements generation system[S]. Washington, D.C.: U. S. Department of Defense, 1999.
4	CJCSI 3170.01E. Joint capabilities integration and development system[S]. Washington, D.C.: U. S. Department of Defense, 2009.
5	张居凤, 汪玉, 高兴华, 等. 武器装备论证需求分析方法研究[J]. 哈尔滨工程大学学报, 2011, 32 (1): 120- 124. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7043.2011.01.022
	ZHANG J F, WANG Y, GAO X H, et al. Method on requirements analysis of weapons and equipment demonstration[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University, 2011, 32 (1): 120- 124. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7043.2011.01.022
6	AKUNDI A, MONDRAGON O. Model based systems engineering—a text mining based structured comprehensive overview[J]. Systems Engineering, 2022, 25 (1): 51- 67. doi: 10.1002/sys.21601
7	MA J D, WANG G X, LU J Z, et al. Systematic literature review of MBSE tool-chains[J]. Applied Sciences, 2022, 12 (7): 3431. doi: 10.3390/app12073431
8	DoDAF Working Group. DoDAF: volume I: definitions and guidelines version 1.0[R]. Washington, D. C. : U. S. Department of Defense, 2004.
9	BANKAUSKAITE J, MORKEVICIUS A, BUTLERIS R. Model-based evaluation of the system of systems architectures used to perform trade studies and sensitivity analyses[J]. IEEE Access, 2021, 9, 114609- 114621. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3105589
10	SALADO A, WACH P. Constructing true model-based requirements in SysML[J]. Systems, 2019, 7 (2): 19. doi: 10.3390/systems7020019
11	鲁金直, 王国新, 阎艳, 等. 基于多架构建模语言的系统工程建模方法[J]. 系统工程学报, 2023, 38 (2): 146- 160. doi: 10.13383/j.cnki.jse.2023.02.001
	LU J Z, WANG G X, YAN Y, et al. System engineering modeling methodology based on mutil-architectural modeling language[J]. Journal of Syestems Engineering, 2023, 38 (2): 146- 160. doi: 10.13383/j.cnki.jse.2023.02.001
12	Navy Releases Naval Integrated Fire Control-Counter Air. Capabilities RFI[J]. Inside the Navy, 2015, 28 (27): 31- 33.
13	CHEATER J C. Accelerating the kill chain via future un-manned aircraft[D]. Alabama: Air University, 2007.
14	Joint Chiefs of Staff. JP 3-60: joint targeting[R]. Washington, D. C. : GPO, 2013.
15	WILLIAMSON R C. Model-based systems engineering for systems of systems[J]. Insight, 2009, 12 (4): 12- 14.
16	刘影梅, 李亚雯, 张连怡, 等. 基于模型的体系设计与仿真方法研究[C]//第33届中国仿真大会论文集, 2021: 649−658.
	LIU Y M, LI Y W, ZHANG L Y, et al. Research on system of systems design and simulation method based on model[C]//Proc. of the 33rd China Simulation Conference, 2021: 649−658.
17	BORKY J M, BRADLEY B, THOMAS H. Effective model-based systems engineering [M]. Cham: Springer, 2019.
18	Object Management Group. UPDM[EB/OL]. [2024-11-01]. http://www.omg.org/spec/UPDM/2.0/PDF/.
19	MORI M, CECCARELLI A, LOLLINI P, et al. Systems-of-systems modeling using a comprehensive viewpoint-based SysML profile[J]. Journal of Software: Evolution and Process, 2018, 30 (3): el878.
20	KAO C, ROBERSTON C, LIN K. Performance analysis and simulation of cyclic code-shift keying[C]//Proc. of the IEEE Military Communications, 2008: 546−548.
21	KAO C, ROBERSTON C, KRAGH F. Performance of a JTIDS-type waveform with errors-and-erasures decoding in pulsed-noise interference[C]//Proc. of the Military Communications Conference, 2009: 18−21.
22	刘红军, 徐永胜. 美军战术数据链报文格式及其特点[J]. 中国电子科学研究院学报, 2006, 1 (3): 291- 295.
	LIU H J, XU Y S. Message format and its features of U. S. military tactical data links[J]. Journal of China Academy of Electronics and Information Technology, 2006, 1 (3): 291- 295.
23	袁春慧, 杨海涛. 面向语义互操作的数据链消息本体技术[J]. 指挥与控制学报, 2019, 5 (4): 295- 301.
	YUAN C H, YANG H T. Data link message ontology for semantic interoperability construction method[J]. Journal of Command and Control, 2019, 5 (4): 295- 301.
24	VAGNER N, DANIEL S. Semantic data driven interfaces for web applications[C]//Proc. of the 13th International Conference on Web Engineering, 2013: 22-36.
25	MIL-HDBK-524. Interoperable systems management and requirements transformation(iSMART) process[R]. Washington, D. C. : U. S. Department of Defense, 2012.
26	张占军, 周兴乾. 基于VRNET Developer的网络仿真及其应用[J]. 四川兵工学报, 2013, 34 (2): 96- 99.
	ZHANG Z J, ZHOU X Q. Network simulation based on VRNET developer and its application[J]. Journal of Sichuan Ordnance, 2013, 34 (2): 96- 99.
27	张子龙, 曹海洋, 樊县林. 基于逻辑模型的数据链体系架构框架设计与验证[J]. 指挥信息系统与技术, 2024, 15 (4): 18- 23. doi: 10.15908/j.cnki.cist.2024.04.003
	ZHANG Z L, CAO H Y, FAN X L. Design and verification for date link system-of-systems architecture framework based on logical model[J]. Command Information System and Technology, 2024, 15 (4): 18- 23. doi: 10.15908/j.cnki.cist.2024.04.003
28	MCCONNELL H M, JORDAN L L. Naval integrated fire control: counter air capability-based system of systems engineering[J]. Leading Edge, Combat Systems Engineering & Integration, 2013(9): 24−31.
29	MCNELEY T, NULL R, CRAIG M. Rapid simulation, analysis, and visualization for navy integrated fire control-counter air(NIFC-CA)[C]//Proc. of the 17th Annual Systems Engineering Conference, 2014.
30	郭栋, 张迎新, 曹强, 等. 美海军分布式防空作战能力仿真分析[J]. 指挥控制与仿真, 2020, 42 (6): 107- 111.
	GUO D, ZHANG Y X, CAO Q, et al. Simulation analysis on distributed air defense operation capability of United States Navy[J]. Command Control & Simulation, 2020, 42 (6): 107- 111.
31	冉建华, 梁军. “杀伤链”对数据链新技术的需求分析[J]. 舰船电子工程, 2010, 32 (2): 22- 23，40. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1627-9730.2010.02.007
	RAN J H, LIANG J. Analysis on demands of “C4KISR” for new data link technology[J]. Ship Electronic Engineering, 2010, 32 (2): 22- 23，40. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1627-9730.2010.02.007

任务链	打击	瞄准	跟踪	定位	发现	评估
海对空	SM-6	AMDR雷达宙斯盾指控系统	AMDR雷达宙斯盾指控系统	E-2D JLENS AMDR雷达	E-2D	宙斯盾指控系统
空对空	AIM-120D	F-18E/F F-35 战斗机机载任务系统	E-2D机载任务系统 F-18E/F F-35	E-2D	E-2D	E-2D机载任务系统
地对空	AIM-120D陆基型	TPS-59（对地对空任务雷达） JLENS 通用航空指控系统	通用航空指控系统 TPS-59（对地对空任务雷达） JLENS	E-2D JLENS	E-2D	通用航空指控系统

[1]	李争, 何明浩, 胡乔林. 基于多流映射-动态验证的多平台协同任务链博弈建模与资源优化[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2026, 48(3): 946-961.
[2]	刘瑞华, 鹿繁鹏, 马赞. 国产民机导航系统MBSE建模及终端区RNP运行仿真[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2026, 48(2): 588-602.
[3]	张晓璐, 陈亚洲, 赵敏. 无人机数据链带内电磁干扰效应预测模型与验证[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2025, 47(8): 2763-2773.
[4]	刘书含, 李彤, 李富强, 杨春刚. 意图态势双驱动的数据链抗干扰通信机制[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2025, 47(6): 2055-2064.
[5]	赵志勇, 毛忠阳, 潘耀宗, 徐建武. 基于AHP权重优化的数据链跳频网络信道负载统计算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2025, 47(2): 666-672.
[6]	汪澔, 唐剑, 赵云飞, 武仲芝, 郭玮. 民用飞机航空运输体系分布式联合仿真方法及应用研究[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2025, 47(12): 3993-4004.
[7]	刘祥林, 杨春刚, 李富强, 欧阳颖, 宋延博. 意图驱动数据链网络策略协商模型与算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(6): 2128-2137.
[8]	卫继承, 张娟, 杨文雅, 马岚岭, 张航. 基于DoDAF的低慢小飞行器综合处置体系架构设计[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(1): 162-172.
[9]	赵晋毅, 尚佳栋, 杨健. 高动态环境下数据链信号载波频率估计算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(9): 2965-2970.
[10]	黄炎焱, 王凯生, 史宇昂. 基于网络化指标的数据链作战保障能力评估模型研究[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(8): 2361-2369.
[11]	许彤, 陈亚洲, 王玉明, 赵敏. 无人机数据链宽带白噪声电磁干扰效应研究[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(7): 1965-1973.
[12]	宁晓燕, 王影, 孙志国, 罗海玲. 多音干扰下Nakagami-m信道传输Link16数据链的性能分析[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(2): 566-571.
[13]	胡涛, 申立群, 付晋, 范天祥. 航天伺服机构鲁棒控制与机电液联合仿真[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(10): 3218-3225.
[14]	罗海玲, 宁晓燕, 郭凯丰, 刁鸣. 基于OCML构造序列的Link16扩频方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(12): 3837-3842.
[15]	方宇, 吕娜, 陈坤. 联合功率域SPMA协议的动态阈值算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(8): 2332-2340.