多状态部件的预防性维修策略解算方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.03.21

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

现有对于多状态部件预防性维修策略的研究，缺乏对全寿命周期中不同状态下不同监测间隔期及预防性维修状态范围共同影响的研究。对此，分析部件性能单向劣化过程及全寿命周期中状态转移规律，以部件可靠性及总费用为目标函数，考虑无法实时进行状态监测的影响，给出解算视情维修策略的解算模型。经该模型辅助决策，可获得优化后的预防性维修策略，确定相应预防性维修的状态范围及各状态下的不同监测间隔期。针对具体算例，给出了解算结果，并与蒙特卡罗仿真结果进行比较，验证了所提方法及解算模型的正确性。

关键词: 多状态, 视情维修, 可靠性, 平均费用, 维修保障

Abstract:

In the existing research on preventive maintenance strategies for multi-state components, there is a lack of research on the combined effects of two factors on the entire lifecycle, which are different monitoring intervals under different states and the range of preventive maintenance states. In regard to this, the unidirectional degradation process of component performance and the transition law of states throughout the entire lifecycle are analyzed. Taking reliability and total cost as the objective functions, and considering the impact of the inability to monitor the status in real time, a solution model is proposed to calculate a maintenance strategy, which is on-condition maintenance. By using this model to assist decision-making, optimized preventive maintenance strategies can be obtained, and the corresponding range of preventive maintenance states and different monitoring intervals under each state can be determined. For specific examples, the solution results are provided and compared with the results of Monte-Carlo simulation, verifying the correctness of the proposed method and solution model.

Key words: multi-state, on-condition maintenance, reliability, average cost, maintenance support

中图分类号:

TB 114.3

李肖肖, 翟琛, 常莉莉, 邵方芳. 多状态部件的预防性维修策略解算方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2026, 48(3): 962-969.

Xiaoxiao LI, Chen ZHAI, Lili CHANG, Fangfang SHAO. Solution method for preventive maintenance strategy of multi-state components[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(3): 962-969.

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参数	日常监测	预防性维修	修复性维修
费用/（元/次）	300	500 0	100 00
平均时间/（天/次）	0	0.5	3

预防性维修状态	监测周期/天	单位工作时间平均费用/（元/天）			使用可用度			优化效果（解算）
预防性维修状态	监测周期/天	解算	仿真	误差/%	解算	仿真	误差/%	优化效果（解算）
S₂~S₄	（1,-,-,-,-）	350.50	350.44	0.017 1	0.994 8	0.994 7	0.010 1	0.997 3
S₃~S₄	（1,1,-,-,-）	348.61	348.73	0.034 4	0.994 3	0.993 8	0.050 3	0.999 7
S₄	（1,1,1,-,-）	348.69	348.49	0.057 4	0.993 2	0.993 1	0.010 1	0.999 1

预防性维修状态	监测周期/天	单位工作时间平均费用/（元/天）			使用可用度			优化效果（解算）
预防性维修状态	监测周期/天	解算	仿真	误差/%	解算	仿真	误差/%	优化效果（解算）
S₂~S₄	（3,-,-,-,-）	150.63	150.56	0.046 5	0.994 5	0.994 0	0.050 3	1.000 0
S₃~S₄	（3,2,-,-,-）	152.78	152.89	0.071 9	0.993 8	0.993 5	0.030 2	0.992 6
S₄	（3,2,1,-,-）	163.29	163.23	0.036 8	0.992 8	0.992 6	0.020 1	0.960 4

监测周期/天	单位工作时间平均费用/（元/天）			使用可用度			优化效果（解算）
监测周期/天	解算	仿真	误差/%	解算	仿真	误差/%	优化效果（解算）
（1,1,-,-,-）	348.61	348.73	0.034 4	0.994 3	0.993 8	0.050 3	0.681 7
（2,1,-,-,-）	209.28	209.34	0.028 7	0.994 2	0.994 1	0.010 1	0.802 6
（2,2,-,-,-）	199.12	199.17	0.025 1	0.993 9	0.993 7	0.020 1	0.817 9
（3,1,-,-,-）	162.26	162.31	0.030 8	0.994 1	0.993 9	0.020 1	0.890 3
（3,2,-,-,-）	152.78	152.89	0.071 9	0.993 8	0.993 5	0.030 2	0.914 3
（3,3,-,-,-）	149.76	149.68	0.053 4	0.993 5	0.993 0	0.050 4	0.922 5
（4,1,-,-,-）	138.40	138.41	0.007 2	0.993 9	0.993 7	0.020 1	0.957 5
（4,2,-,-,-）	129.47	129.55	0.092 6	0.993 7	0.993 3	0.040 3	0.988 9
（4,3,-,-,-）	126.68	126.80	0.094 6	0.993 4	0.992 7	0.070 5	0.999 5

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