考虑多种故障模式和多阶段故障过程的装备预防性维修策略优化模型

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.03.17

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 908-917.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.03.17

• 系统工程 • 上一篇

考虑多种故障模式和多阶段故障过程的装备预防性维修策略优化模型

谭诗翰¹^,², 石全¹^,³^,*, 胡起伟¹, 白永生¹, 朱敦祥¹^,⁴, 张芳⁵, 柯鹏²

1. 陆军工程大学石家庄校区装备指挥与管理系，河北石家庄 050003
2. 中国人民解放军 32146部队，河南焦作 454000
3. 上海中侨职业技术大学，上海 200000
4. 中国人民解放军 32706部队，河南郑州 450000
5. 中国人民解放军 32178部队，北京 100012

收稿日期:2024-08-29 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-04-13
通讯作者: 石全
作者简介:谭诗翰（1994—），男，助理工程师，博士，主要研究方向为维修工程、备件供应
胡起伟（1979—），男，副教授，博士，主要研究方向为维修决策、备件管理
白永生（1982—），男，讲师，博士，主要研究方向为装备保障原理与应用
朱敦祥（1993—），男，工程师，博士，主要研究方向为装备保障原理与应用
张　芳（1985—），男，高级工程师，博士，主要研究方向为可靠性评估与维修决策
柯　鹏（1990—），男，工程师，硕士，主要研究方向为装备维修保障

Preventive maintenance policy optimization model of equipment considering multiple failure modes and multi-stage failure process

Shihan TAN¹^,², Quan SHI¹^,³^,*, Qiwei HU¹, Yongsheng BAI¹, Dunxiang ZHU¹^,⁴, Fang ZHANG⁵, Peng KE²

1. Equipment Command and Management Department，Shijiazhuang Campus，Army Engineering University of PLA，Shijiazhuang 050003，China
2. Unit 32146 of the PLA，Jiaozuo 454000，China
3. Shanghai Zhongqiao Vocational and Technical University，Shanghai 200000
4. Unit 32706 of the PLA，Zhengzhou 450000，China
5. Unit 32178 of the PLA，Beijing 100012，China

Received:2024-08-29 Online:2026-03-25 Published:2026-04-13
Contact: Quan SHI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对当前高强度训练环境下，武器装备受到自然损伤和多种外部冲击影响下的复杂故障过程，构建一种考虑多种故障模式和多阶段故障过程的单部件装备系统可靠性模型。采用一种基于检测的预防性维修策略，通过对装备的定期检测，发现并更换出现潜在故障的部件。根据装备可靠性分析和更换报酬理论，给出了期望可用度和期望费用率的显性表达式，并由此构建了一个装备使用效能模型。结合数据分析和优化算法，确定了装备使用效能最优的检测间隔。最后，通过实例验证了所提模型和优化方法相较于传统模型能有效提升装备的使用效能，可为现阶段武器装备的故障预测和预防性维修策略优化提供一定的参考。

关键词: 预防性维修, 外部冲击, 竞争失效, 随机环境, 可靠性模型

Abstract:

A reliability model for single-component equipment systems is constructed to address the complex fault processes of weapon equipment under natural damage and various external shocks in the current high-intensity training environment, taking into account multiple fault modes and multi-stage fault processes. A detection-based preventive maintenance strategy is adopted, which involves regularly inspecting equipment to identify and replace components with potential faults. Based on equipment reliability analysis and replacement reward theory, explicit expressions for expected availability and expected cost rate are derived, and an equipment utilization efficiency model is subsequently constructed. By combining data analysis and optimization algorithms, the optimal detection interval for equipment utilization efficiency is determined. Finally, the proposed model and optimization method are validated through examples to effectively improve the operational efficiency of equipment compared to traditional models. This can provide some reference for fault prediction and preventive maintenance strategy optimization of current weapon equipment.

Key words: preventive maintenance, external shock, competing failure, random environment, reliability mode

中图分类号:

谭诗翰, 石全, 胡起伟, 白永生, 朱敦祥, 张芳, 柯鹏. 考虑多种故障模式和多阶段故障过程的装备预防性维修策略优化模型[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2026, 48(3): 908-917.

Shihan TAN, Quan SHI, Qiwei HU, Yongsheng BAI, Dunxiang ZHU, Fang ZHANG, Peng KE. Preventive maintenance policy optimization model of equipment considering multiple failure modes and multi-stage failure process[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(3): 908-917.

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参数	取值	参数	取值
$ {v}_{X},{v}_{Y} $	0.05，0.10	$ {T}_{i},{T}_{p},{T}_{f} $	1，4，10
$ {\varphi }_{X},{\varphi }_{Y} $	0.01，0.02	$ {C}_{i},{C}_{p},{C}_{f},{C}_{n} $	5，20，80，1
$ {\gamma }_{X},{\gamma }_{Y} $	$ 5\times {10}^{-4},1\times {10}^{-3} $	$ {{\mathrm{EA}}}_{\min } $	0.88
$ {\mu }_{X},{\mu }_{Y} $	0.005，0.01	$ {{\mathrm{EC}}}_{\max } $	0.93
$ {\sigma }_{X}{}^{2},{\sigma }_{Y}{}^{2} $	$ {0.001}^{2},{0.001}^{2} $	$ {T}_{\max } $	60

$ {a}_{1},{a}_{2} $	$ {T}^{\ast } $	$ Z\left({T}^{\ast }\right) $	$ {\mathrm{EA}}\left({T}^{\ast }\right) $	$ {\mathrm{EC}}\left({T}^{\ast }\right) $
1, 0	31	0.895 5	0.895 5	0.766 5
0, −1	22	0.736 7	0.892 3	0.736 7
1, −1	23	0.155 9	0.893 1	0.737 2
1, −4	22	−2.054 4	0.892 3	0.736 7
4, −1	24	2.836 3	0.893 7	0.738 7
1, −8	22	−5.001 0	0.892 3	0.736 7
8, −1	26	6.413 5	0.894 7	0.744 0

模型	场景1		场景2
模型	$ {T}^{\ast } $	$ {\mathrm{EA}}\left({T}^{\ast }\right) $	$ {T}^{\ast } $	$ {\mathrm{EC}}\left({T}^{\ast }\right) $
A	31	0.895 5	22	0.736 7
B	32	0.895 4	24	0.738 7
C	40	0.892 2	31	0.766 5
D	42	0.893 2	33	0.777 8

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考虑多种故障模式和多阶段故障过程的装备预防性维修策略优化模型

Preventive maintenance policy optimization model of equipment considering multiple failure modes and multi-stage failure process

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