关键词: 最优制导律, 预测控制, 能量优化, 无人机拦截, 李雅普诺夫稳定性

Abstract:

To address the issue of acceleration saturation problem of combat unmanned aerial vehicle when intercepting highly maneuverable targets in non-advantageous conditions, a three-dimensional optimal predictive guidance law is proposed. Firstly, a three-dimensional relative motion model is established, formulating an optimal control problem aimed at minimizing energy consumption under terminal interception constraints. Secondly, based on Pontryagin minimum value principle, an analytical solution of the guidance command is derived. Then, Lyapunov method is employed to prove exponential stability of the closed-loop system, ensuring asymptotic convergence of the zero-effort miss. Finally, the performance of the guidance law is evaluated in multiple engagement scenarios. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed optimal predictive guidance law can significantly reduce the interceptor’s acceleration demand against maneuvering targets and effectively avoid terminal saturation. It demonstrates good uncertainty suppression capabilities in robust simulations that introduce model identification errors and control disturbances. The guidance law achieves precise interception even under neutral or disadvantageous conditions, exhibiting both theoretical soundness and engineering applicability.

Key words: optimal guidance law, predictive control, energy optimization, unmanned aerial vehicle interception, Lyapunov stability