典型陆地目标毫米波本征辐射建模与极化特性

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.11.01

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 3703-3710.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.11.01

典型陆地目标毫米波本征辐射建模与极化特性

黄堃淼¹(), 赵子龙²(), 王金国²(), 程亚运¹()

1. 哈尔滨工业大学电子与信息工程学院，黑龙江哈尔滨 150001
2. 电磁空间安全国家重点实验室，四川成都 610000

收稿日期:2025-12-10 修回日期:2026-02-14 接受日期:2026-04-01 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-06-01
通讯作者: 程亚运 E-mail:25S005007@stu.hit.edu.cn;zhaozilong@cetc.com.cn;wangjinguo1@cetc.com.cn;chengyy@hit.edu.cn
作者简介:黄堃淼（2003—），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为微波辐射建模、深度学习图像生成
赵子龙（1991—），男，高级工程师，硕士，主要研究方向为阵列信号处理、毫米波无源成像
王金国（1986—），男，正高级工程师，博士，主要研究方向为无源成像探测
基金资助:
黑龙江省自然科学基金优秀青年基金（YQ2023F007）资助课题

Millimeter-wave intrinsic radiation modeling and polarization characteristics of typical land targets

Kunmiao Huang¹(), Zilong Zhao²(), Jinguo Wang²(), Yayun Cheng¹()

1. School of Electronics and Information Engineering，Harbin Institute of Technology，Harbin 150001，China
2. National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Space Security，Chengdu 610000，China

Received:2025-12-10 Revised:2026-02-14 Accepted:2026-04-01 Online:2026-10-25 Published:2026-06-01
Contact: Yayun Cheng E-mail:25S005007@stu.hit.edu.cn;zhaozilong@cetc.com.cn;wangjinguo1@cetc.com.cn;chengyy@hit.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

被动毫米波成像技术凭借其独特的无源隐蔽性与云雾穿透性成像特点，在目标探测领域展现出广阔的应用前景。本文聚焦于典型陆地卡车目标，旨在深入探究其毫米波本征辐射的极化特性。首先，通过开展被动毫米波成像仿真实验，选取4种线极化观测模式，设置3种不同观测俯角进行成像数据计算模拟。然后，基于仿真的成像数据，计算分析Stokes参数和极化特征参数，并开展实测实验进行验证。最后，利用目标与背景的差异信噪比指标，对仿真图像展开全面的定性与定量分析。研究结果表明，在多数观测俯角条件下，垂直极化模式的差异信噪比表现最优，预示着最佳探测能力；观测俯角对目标与背景间极化特性有显著影响，合适的观测俯角对于提升目标检测效能至关重要。

关键词: 被动毫米波成像, 本征辐射, 极化特性, 目标检测, 典型陆地目标

Abstract:

Passive millimeter-wave imaging technology, with its unique features of passive concealment and cloud/fog penetration, demonstrates broad application prospects in the field of target detection. This paper focuses on typical land-based truck targets, aiming to explore their millimeter-wave intrinsic radiation polarization characteristics in depth. Firstly, through passive millimeter-wave imaging simulation experiments, four linear polarization observation modes are selected, and three different observation depression angles are set to simulate imaging data. Then, based on the simulated imaging data, the Stokes parameters and polarization feature parameters are calculated and analyzed, and practical experiments are conducted for verification. Finally, using the differential signal-to-noise ratio between the target and background as an indicator, a comprehensive qualitative and quantitative analysis of the simulated images is conducted. The research results indicate that under most observation depression angles, the vertical polarization mode achieves the best differential signal-to-noise ratio, suggesting optimal detection capability. The observation depression angle significantly influences the polarization characteristics between the target and background, highlighting that selecting an appropriate observation depression angle is crucial for improving target detection performance.

Key words: passive millimeter-wave imaging, intrinsic radiation, polarization characteristic, target detection, typical land target

中图分类号:

黄堃淼, 赵子龙, 王金国, 程亚运. 典型陆地目标毫米波本征辐射建模与极化特性[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2026, 48(11): 3703-3710.

Kunmiao Huang, Zilong Zhao, Jinguo Wang, Yayun Cheng. Millimeter-wave intrinsic radiation modeling and polarization characteristics of typical land targets[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(11): 3703-3710.

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参数名称	参数数值	参数名称	参数数值	参数名称	参数数值
工作频率/GHz	94	观测俯角/(°)	30, 60, 90	极化模式/(°)	0, 45, 90, 135
观测距离/m	30	观测方位角/(°)	30	钢铁复相对介电常数	5-1×10⁷i
扫描步长/(°)	0.15	地面温度/K	293	钢铁复相对磁导率	1
横向扫描次数	240	车身温度/K	300	土壤复相对介电常数	4.1-1.7i
纵向扫描次数	160	纬度季节条件	中纬度夏季	土壤复相对磁导率	1
角分辨率/(°)	0.55	气候条件	晴朗	油漆复相对介电常数	3.64-0.23i
油漆层厚度/μm	100	大气环境类型	标准大气ISA	油漆复相对磁导率	1

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典型陆地目标毫米波本征辐射建模与极化特性

Millimeter-wave intrinsic radiation modeling and polarization characteristics of typical land targets

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