基于折叠PMF-FFT的高动态B1C信号无模糊度快速捕获算法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.09.28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

北斗三号系统新增的B1C导航信号在捕获过程中存在码相位搜索时间长、匹配滤波器系数计算复杂度高、自相关函数具有多峰性等难点。针对高动态场景，使用短时相关匹配滤波器和快速傅里叶变换的结合信号捕获算法，同时对B1C信号进行数据折叠和自相关函数重构，简化匹配滤波器系数生成的复杂度，实现B1C信号的无模糊度快速捕获。实验结果表明，在满足高动态捕获需求的前提下，运算复杂度和捕获时间显著减少，检测概率最大提升32.4%，最大副峰值降低了约125倍。此外，该算法捕获的最小信号功率比天线最低接收功率小1.5 dB，具备一定抗热噪声能力。

关键词: 高动态, 北斗三号, B1C信号, 快速捕获, 无模糊捕获

Abstract:

The newly added B1C navigation signal in the BeiDou-3 system presents challenges in the acquisition process, including prolonged code phase search time, high computational complexity of matching filter coefficients, and the multi-peak phenomenon of the autocorrelation function. To address these issues in a high dynamic scenario, a signal acquisition algorithm is utilized based on the combination of a short-term correlation matching filter and fast Fourier transform. Additionally, data folding and autocorrelation function reconstruction are applied to the B1C signal, simplifying the generation of matching filter coefficients and enabling unambiguous fast acquisition of the B1C signal. Experimental results demonstrate that, while meeting the demands of high dynamic acquisition, the computational complexity and acquisition time are significantly reduced, with a maximum increase of 32.4% in detection probability, and the maximum side lobe peak reduced by approximately 125 times. Furthermore, the minimum signal power captured by the algorithm is 1.5 dB smaller than the minimum receiving power of the antenna, and it has certain anti-thermal noise ability.

Key words: high dynamic, BeiDou-3, B1C signal, fast acquisition, unambiguous acquisition

中图分类号:

TN 967.1

金志威, 李路遥, 樊易升, 马振洋. 基于折叠PMF-FFT的高动态B1C信号无模糊度快速捕获算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2025, 47(9): 3066-3075.

Zhiwei JIN, Luyao LI, Yisheng FAN, Zhenyang MA. Fast and unambiguous acquisition algorithm for high dynamic B1C signal based on folded PMF-FFT[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2025, 47(9): 3066-3075.

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数据预处理方式	捕获算法实数加法量	捕获算法实数乘法量
不处理	(N/L)·(L−1)	N
数据折叠	(N/L)·(L/F−1)	N/F

消除模糊度算法	最大副峰平均高度	主峰/最大副峰比值
不消除	0.5120	1.95
ASPeCT算法	0.1227	8.15
Filter算法	0.1817	5.50
重构算法	0.0340	29.41

参数名称	参数指标
PRN号	1
中频频率$F_{\mathrm{IF}}$/MHz	16
采样频率$F_{\mathrm{s}}$/MHz	64
采集数据时长$ T $/ms	2
等效温度/K	290

消除模糊度算法	最大副峰平均高度	主峰/副峰比值
不消除	0.5007	2
ASPeCT算法	0.0629	15.90
Filter算法	0.2475	4.04
重构算法	0.0040	250

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