无人机集群协同探测距离解模糊方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2022.02.16

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

与传统单平台机载雷达相比, 无人机(unmanned aerial vehicle，UAV)集群协同探测具有探测范围广、探测精度高、布阵机动灵活等突出优势, 因此是未来机载预警雷达发展的重要方向之一。由于UAV集群雷达阵列具有大尺寸、超稀疏孔径, 因此雷达回波近似为球面波且具有较强近场效应。本文首先推导了UAV集群稀疏阵列在近场条件下的空时信号模型, 然后基于目标回波的近场特性提出一种新的距离解模糊方法。针对任一距离门数据, 该方法利用不同模糊距离回波空时导向矢量的差异性, 设计多个空时权系数进行杂波抑制和目标匹配, 并基于滤波后目标功率确定其对应距离模糊次数, 从而实现对运动目标的距离解模糊。仿真实验验证了所提方法的有效性。

关键词: 无人机集群, 协同探测, 空时自适应处理, 近场效应, 距离解模糊

Abstract:

Compared with traditional monostatic airborne radar, distributed cooperative detection using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms has many advantages such as wider detection range, higher detection accuracy and more flexible array arrangement. Consequently, it is one of the important directions for the development of airborne warning radar systems in the future. As UAV swarms radar array has a large size and ultra-sparse aperture, its echo is approximately spherical and has the strong near-field effect. In this paper, the space-time signal model of UAV swarms sparse array under the near-field condition is firstly derived. Then a novel method for resolving range ambiguity is proposed, which is based on the near-field characteristics of the target echo. For each range bin, the proposed method calculates multiple space-time weight coefficients for clutter suppression and target matching, in which the difference of the target echoes within different ambiguous ranges is utilized. And the actual range ambiguous number of the target can be resolved via comparing the target power of all the filtering results. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Key words: unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarm, cooperative detection, space-time adaptive processing (STAP), near-field effect, resolving range ambiguity

中图分类号:

TN957.52

杨兴家, 段克清, 李想, 祁炜. 无人机集群协同探测距离解模糊方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(2): 480-489.

Xingjia YANG, Keqing DUAN, Xiang LI, Wei QI. Resolving range ambiguity for cooperative detection using UAV swarms[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2022, 44(2): 480-489.

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仿真参数	数值
无人机数量/架	6
无人机间隔/m	100
无人机高度/m	8 000
无人机速度/(m/s)	200
单架无人机天线方位向阵元数	4
单架无人机天线俯仰向阵元数	16
相干脉冲数	24
最大探测距离/km	200
脉冲重复频率/Hz	4 000
波长/m	0.2
采样率/MHz	2
主波束方位角/(°)	90
主波束俯仰角/(°)	-3
信杂噪比/dB	60

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