基于硬时间窗的空中加油任务分配优化方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.07.20

Abstract

Abstract:

For the mission planning problem of collaborative multi-tanker support to multiple patrol formations in defensive air superiority operations, an air refueling mission assignment optimization method based on hard time window constraints is proposed. Firstly, by analyzing the characteristics of combat air patrol missions, an air refueling mission assignment optimization model is constructed with the core objective of minimizing tanker sortie while considering waiting cost and fuel utilization efficiency. Secondly, an improved adaptive multi-stage ant colony optimization algorithm is designed. By dynamically adjusting heuristic information factors and pheromone update mechanisms, the algorithm enhances adaptability to hard time window constraints and global search capability. Finally, the optimized plan result is compared with the original assignment scheme in terms of cost reduction. Through large-scale numerical experiments, the algorithm’s time and space complexity are analyzed, elucidating its advantages and limitations for large-scale air refueling mission assignment.

Key words: air refueling, hard time window, task assignment, ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm

CLC Number:

V 271.4+94

Xu MA, Fuping YU, Di SHEN. Optimization method of air refueling mission assignment based on hard time window[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(7): 2352-2366.

Figures/Tables 22

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CAP阵位	坐标/km	威胁等级	时间窗	时段/min	加油需求/kg
1	[0,0]	—	8:00	—	—
2	[10,−400]	低	09:35—09:50	15	9 000
3	[90,−320]	低	09:10—09:25	15	9 000
4	[200,−360]	中	08:30—08:42	12	9 000
5	[270,−250]	中	09:20—09:32	12	9 000
6	[350,−210]	高	08:25—08:35	10	9 000
7	[400,−100]	高	08:50—09:00	10	9 000
8	[430,−20]	高	08:35—08:45	10	9 000
9	[500,60]	中	09:00—09:12	12	9 000
10	[520,140]	中	09:25—09:37	12	9 000
11	[600,180]	中	09:05—09:17	12	9 000
12	[670,200]	中	08:50—09:02	12	9 000
13	[750,300]	低	09:00—09:15	15	9 000

符号	含义	取值
n	时间窗满足度的权重	n =0.05
r	等待时间成本权重	r =0.01
p	时间窗宽度选择权重	p =0.2
q	航段路途成本权重	q =0.2

符号	含义	取值
N_Iteration	ACO算法迭代次数	N_Iteration=50
N_ants	蚁群规模	N_ants=100
ρ	信息素挥发系数	ρ=0.6
α	启发信息权重	α=3
β	信息素浓度权重	β=1

方案	出动架次	等待时间总和	非必需油耗率/%
原始方案	6	78.1	80
优化方案	4	8.93	34.07

解	参数	RC101	RC205
已知最优解	车辆数	15	7
已知最优解	路程	1 619.8	1 157.5
WOA的解^[34]	车辆数	16	7
WOA的解^[34]	路程	1 703.8	1 205.3
ALNS的解^[35]	车辆数	15	7
ALNS的解^[35]	路程	1 656.5	1 337.6
本文最优解	车辆数	15	8
本文最优解	路程	1 707.7	1 199.1
最优解偏离度/%		5.4	3.6

Optimization method of air refueling mission assignment based on hard time window

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