地基雷达对月多普勒补偿成像方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.06.08

Abstract

Abstract:

Earth-based radar is a powerful tool for lunar surface imaging. However, during edge observation periods, intra-pulse Doppler effects will induce pulse compression shifts, causing image offset generated by the traditional back-projection (BP) algorithm. To improve lunar imaging performance and mitigate positioning deviations of Earth-based radar under edge observation conditions, this study first proposes a pulse-by-pulse trajectory fitting method, and then analyzes the echo model and intra-pulse Doppler effects under the non stop-go assumption. Subsequently, a method for compensating intra-pulse Doppler effects in lunar surface BP imaging is proposed. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve accurate localization and focusing of the lunar SAR image, validating the effectiveness of the algorithm.

Key words: Earth-based radar, Lunar surface imaging, synthetic aperture radar (SAR), back-projection （BP）algorithm, non-stop-go echo model

CLC Number:

TN 959.6

Yongkang YUAN, Junxu WANG, Yuming HUA, Lei ZHANG. Earth-based radar Lunar imaging using Doppler compensation method[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(6): 1859-1868.

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References 17

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指标	逐脉冲二阶	全孔径五阶
最大误差	2.7025×10⁻⁴	3.0005×10⁻⁴
均方根误差	1.5×10⁻⁴	1.3×10⁻⁴
	1.4×10⁻⁴	1.3×10⁻⁴
	6.7×10⁻⁵	8.7×10⁻⁵

符号	参数	数值
$ { \lambda } $/m	波长	0.1
c/（m/s）	光速	299 792 458
T_r/ms	脉冲宽度	5
L_lat/（°）	纬度幅宽	50
L_lon/（°）	经度幅宽	50
B_T/Hz	信号带宽	0.3×10⁶
T_a/s	合成孔径时间	180
PRI/ms	脉冲重复间隔	25
P/（°）	月面中心经纬度	[45N,45E]
R/（°）	地基雷达经纬度	[25.7N,106.9E]
UTC	观测开始时间	2024/03/05 20:00:00

模型	距离向PSLR/dB	距离向ISLR/dB	距离向IRW/m	方位向PSLR/dB	方位向ISLR/dB	方位向IRW/m	响应偏移距离/m
停走模型	−13.292 8	−10.457 3	841.473 0	−7.909 1	−5.864 3	545.820 3	35 249
收发分离模型	−13.300 8	−10.469 6	818.730 5	−11.337 2	−8.384 4	523.077 8	33 746
脉内补偿	−13.297 0	−10.405 0	811.245 4	−13.253 8	−10.078 8	515.592 8	199

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Earth-based radar Lunar imaging using Doppler compensation method

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