分布式MIMO体制天波超视距雷达仿真系统

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.07.08

Abstract

Abstract:

Considering the effects of ionospheric dynamics on the detection probability and detection accuracy of sky-wave over-the-horizon radar, this paper develops an integrated distributed multiple input multiple output (MIMO) sky-wave over-the-horizon radar simulation system. By building a modular simulation framework and a graphical user interface, and integrating the ionospheric data interface, the functions of signal transmission, ionospheric reflection, signal reception, signal processing and target detection are realized. Finally, the radar detection capabilities are evaluated and the feasibility of the entire radar simulation system is verified by simulation examples. This implemented simulation system can help the performance evaluation, optimization of site deployment, and development of distributed MIMO sky-wave over-the-horizon radar.

Key words: distributed multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar, sky-wave over-the-horizon radar, signal processing, simulation system

CLC Number:

TN958.93

Yuhang HAO, Wei JIANG, Zengfu WANG, Hua LAN, Ting YONG, Quan PAN. Distributed MIMO sky-wave over-the-horizon-radar simulation system[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 45(7): 1981-1989.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Table 1

Table 2

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

Table 3

References 32

1	GUO Z , WANG Z F , HAO Y H , et al. An improved coordinate registration for over-the-horizon radar using reference sources[J]. Electronics, 2021, 10 (24): 3086. doi: 10.3390/electronics10243086
2	GUO Z , WANG Z F , LAN H , et al. OTHR multitarget tracking with a GMRF model of ionospheric parameters[J]. Signal Processing, 2021, 182, 107940. doi: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2020.107940
3	SADEGHI M , BEHNIA F , AMIRI R , et al. Target localization geometry gain in distributed MIMO radar[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 2021, 69, 1642- 1652. doi: 10.1109/TSP.2021.3062197
4	FRAZER G J , ABRAMOVICH Y I , JOHNSON B A . Multiple-input multiple-output over-the-horizon radar: experimental results[J]. IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, 2009, 3 (4): 290- 303.
5	YU X , LU A A , GAO X , et al. HF skywave massive MIMO communication[J]. IEEE Trans.on Wireless Communications, 2021, 21 (4): 2769- 2785.
6	FRAZER G J . Experimental results for MIMO methods applied in over-the-horizon radar[J]. IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, 2017, 32 (12): 52- 69. doi: 10.1109/MAES.2017.170057
7	HAIMOVICH A M . MIMO radar with widely separated antennas[J]. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 2008, 25 (1): 116- 129. doi: 10.1109/MSP.2008.4408448
8	TOMEI S , MARTORELLA M , COLEMAN C J , et al. Propagation effects on high frequency skywave multiple-input-multiple-output radar[J]. IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, 2015, 9 (9): 1303- 1313.
9	GUO Y D , GONG J . Low observable group targets detection based on space-frequency cascaded adaptive processing for MIMO OTH radar[J]. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 2021, 32 (3): 1005- 1026. doi: 10.1007/s11045-021-00767-y
10	YU W Q , CHEN J W , BAO Z . Multi-mode propagation mode loca-lisation and spread doppler clutter suppression method for multiple-input multiple-output over-the-horizon radar[J]. IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, 2019, 13 (8): 1214- 1224.
11	FISHLER E , HAIMOVICH A , BLUM R S , et al. Spatial diversity in radars-models and detection performance[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 2006, 54 (3): 823- 838. doi: 10.1109/TSP.2005.862813
12	REN F Y , GAO H T , YANG L J . Distributed multistatic sky-wave over-the-horizon radar based on the doppler frequency for marine target positioning[J]. Electronics, 2021, 10 (12): 1472. doi: 10.3390/electronics10121472
13	KANG E W . Radar system analysis, design, and simulation[M]. Boston: Artech House, 2008.
14	王得旺. 双基地MIMO雷达系统设计与仿真研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州大学, 2015.
	WANG D W. Research on bistatic MIMO radar system design and simulation[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University, 2015.
15	杨守国, 李勇, 张昆辉, 等. MIMO雷达信号处理半实物仿真系统的设计与实现[J]. 现代雷达, 2017, 39 (4): 87- 91.
	YANG S G , LI Y , ZHANG K H , et al. Design and implementation of semi-physical simulation system for MIMO radar signal processing[J]. Modern Radar, 2017, 39 (4): 87- 91.
16	LIU G G , YANG W B , LI P , et al. MIMO radar parallel simulation system based on CPU/GPU architecture[J]. Sensors, 2022, 22 (1): 396. doi: 10.3390/s22010396
17	卢琨, 王永诚, 陈志坚. OTHR数据处理仿真系统的设计与实现[J]. 现代雷达, 2006, 28 (5): 27- 29.
	LU K , WANG Y C , CHEN Z J . Design and implementation of data processing simulation system for skywave over-the-horizon radar[J]. Modern Radar, 2006, 28 (5): 27- 29.
18	CUCCOLI F, FACHERIS L, GIULI D, et al. Over the horizon sky-wave radar: simulation tool for coordinate registration method based on sea-land transitions identification[C]//Proc. of the IEEE European Radar Conference, 2009: 208-211.
19	SAAVEDRA Z , ZIMMERMAN D , CABRERA M A , et al. Sky-wave over-the-horizon radar simulation tool[J]. IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, 2020, 14 (11): 1773- 1777.
20	CERVERA M A , HARRIS T J , HOLDSWORTH D A , et al. Ionospheric effects on HF radio wave propagation[J]. Ionosphere Dynamics and Applications, 2021, 19, 439- 492.
21	周文瑜, 焦培南. 超视距雷达技术[M]. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2008.
	ZHOU W Y , JIAO P N . Over-the-horizon radar technology[M]. Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2008.
22	DYSON P L , BENNETT J A . A model of the vertical distribution of the electron concentration in the ionosphere and its application to oblique propagation studies[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 1988, 50 (3): 251- 262. doi: 10.1016/0021-9169(88)90074-8
23	CROFT T A , HOOGASIAN H . Exact ray calculations in a quasi-parabolic ionosphere with no magnetic field[J]. Radio Science, 1968, 3 (1): 69- 74. doi: 10.1002/rds19683169
24	LI J , STOICA P . MIMO radar signal processing[M]. New York: Wiley, 2009.
25	ZHAO C Y, KE W, WANG T T. Multi-target localization using distributed MIMO radar based on spatial sparsity[C]//Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computer Applications, 2021: 591-595.
26	ZHANG S , AHMED A , ZHANG Y D , et al. Enhanced DOA estimation exploiting multi-frequency sparse array[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 2021, 69, 5935- 5946. doi: 10.1109/TSP.2021.3122292
27	LI H , WANG F , ZENG C , et al. Signal detection in distributed MIMO radar with non-orthogonal waveforms and sync errors[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 2021, 69, 3671- 3684. doi: 10.1109/TSP.2021.3087897
28	SERAFINO G , MARESCA S , DI M L , et al. A photonics-assisted multi-band MIMO radar network for the port of the future[J]. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2021, 27 (6): 1- 13.
29	PULFORD G W, LOGOTHETIS A, EVANS R. Integrated multipath track initiation for over-the-horizon radar: 3rd report to telecom australia[R]. Melbourne: CSSIP Report, 1995.
30	鲁耀兵, 高红卫. 分布孔径雷达[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2017.
	LU Y B , GAO H W . Distributed aperture radar[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2017.
31	RICHARDS M A . Fundamentals of radar signal processing[M]. New York: McGraw-Hill Education, 2014.
32	YANG Y C , ZHANG T X , YI W , et al. Deployment of multistatic radar system using multi-objective particle swarm optimisation[J]. IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, 2018, 12 (5): 485- 493.

脉冲重复周期/ms	脉冲积累数	工作频率/MHz	信号类型	信号带宽/kHz	采样频率/kHz	发射功率/kW
50	80	15	FMCW	10	20	500

测试组	站点	站点位置(经度/纬度)/(°)	测试组	站点	站点位置(经度, 纬度)/(°)
A	发射站-1	(109.49, 19.82)	C	发射站-1	(102.64, 25.10)
A	接收站-1	(110.41, 19.11)	C	接收站-1	(110.41, 19.11)
B	发射站-1	(109.49, 19.82)	D	发射站-1	(109.49, 19.82)
	发射站-2	(108.78, 19.36)		发射站-2	(102.64, 25.10)
	接收站-1	(110.41, 19.11)		接收站-1	(110.38, 19.21)
	接收站-2	(110.07, 18.59)		接收站-2	(109.83, 18.53)

指标	统计量	配置A	配置B	配置C	配置D
信噪比/dB	最小值	9.07	11.16	8.69	11.94
	最大值	21.41	21.52	16.71	21.57
	平均值	16.50	17.45	13.80	17.13
	标准差	2.86	2.34	1.94	2.15
发现概率	最小值	0.19	0.34	0.17	0.39
	最大值	0.91	0.92	0.73	0.92
	平均值	0.69	0.75	0.53	0.74
	标准差	0.18	0.13	0.14	0.12
系统可用度	最小值	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
	最大值	0.91	0.92	0.73	0.92
	平均值	0.58	0.62	0.40	0.70
	标准差	0.30	0.30	0.26	0.19
定位精度/km	平均值	37.41	25.50	69.24	37.79
定位精度/km	标准差	18.51	14.24	22.54	22.91
有效覆盖率/%	-	67.90	77.78	47.22	92.86

[1]	Bo TANG, Jiaqi LU, Kunyi GUO, Congjun JIN, Xinqing SHENG. Feeding coefficient correction and anisotropy analysis for the near field effect of triad [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 45(3): 647-653.
[2]	Yuzhao MA, Kui LIU, Yanfeng ZHANG, Shuai FENG, Xinglong XIONG. Laser radar signal denoising algorithm based on CEEMD combined with improved wavelet threshold [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 45(1): 93-100.
[3]	Bo TANG, Naiwen LIU, Jing MA, Kunyi GUO, Xinqing SHENG. Analysis of the joint PDF of the simulation error in the radio frequency simulation system [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2022, 44(5): 1454-1460.
[4]	Haojie ZHANG, Rongmin LIANG, Yudong ZHANG. Design of simulation system for UGVs based on human-in-the-loop [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2022, 44(2): 538-545.
[5]	Jianxing LIU, Tianqi ZHANG, Haojun BAI, Shaopeng YE. Blind recognition algorithm of polar code based on information matrix estimation [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2022, 44(2): 668-676.
[6]	Feng ZHU, Qianqian JIANG, Chuan LIN, Xiao YANG. Typical wideband EMI identification based on support vector machine [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2021, 43(9): 2400-2406.
[7]	Cheng CHEN, Tao LIU, Xiaoji SONG, Yi SU, Guanghu JIN. Penetration imaging enhancement algorithm based on sparse-signal processing [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2021, 43(8): 2021-2027.
[8]	Ling WANG, Hua PAN, Wei ZHAO. Low complexity 2D-DOA estimation algorithm in the presence of mutual coupling [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2021, 43(7): 1819-1823.
[9]	Zhongtao LUO, Renming GUO, Yanmei ZHAN. Review of nonlinear transformation design for impulsive noise [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2021, 43(7): 1971-1980.
[10]	Chunqi JIANG, Na'e ZHENG, Zong ZUO, Sheng WANG, Xiang CHEN. Antenna selection of distributed MIMO radar on target tracking with key target highlighted [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2021, 43(10): 2860-2868.
[11]	FENG Xiaoyu, XIE Junwei, GE Jiaang, YUAN Junchao. Recursive least squares beamforming algorithm based on frequency diverse array [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2019, 41(7): 1468-1473.
[12]	ZHU Xiaopan, CHEN Shi. Design and implementation of DDS based image quality processing enhancement simulation system#br# [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2018, 40(8): 1881-1888.
[13]	WU Chenyang, WEI Zhonghao, ZHANG Bingchen, LU Xiaojun. Multi-channel SAR imaging method based on CAMP [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2018, 40(6): 1249-1254.
[14]	YAN Fenggang, RONG Jiajia, LIU Shuai, SHEN Yi, JIN Ming. Joint cross covariance matrix based fast direction of arrival estimation [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2018, 40(4): 733-738.
[15]	TANG Bo, SHENG Xinqing, JIN Congjun, ZHAO Xiaoyang. Coupling effects on the handware in loop radio frequency simulation system [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2018, 40(4): 927-933.

Distributed MIMO sky-wave over-the-horizon-radar simulation system

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 14

References 32

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments