基于频控阵的改进ESB波束形成算法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2021.11.14

Abstract

Abstract:

Frequency diverse array (FDA) has attracted much attention because of its two-dimensional dependence of beam pattern. Ideally, the adaptive beamforming technology based on FDA can enhance the desired signal from the dimension of distance and angle and suppress the interference. However, the large pointing error and the mismatch of sampling covariance matrix in the actual system will cause serious degradation of the algorithm performance. In order to solve this problem, an improved eigenspace-based (ESB) adaptive beamforming algorithm is proposed and applied to the frequency diverse array multiple-input multiple-output (FDA-MIMO) receiving and processing system.The simulation results show that under the non ideal conditions of 5° pointing error, signal to noise ratio of -20 dB and small snapshot number, the proposed algorithm can form high gain at target position, null at interference position, and overcome the beam pattern distortion problem caused by ESB algorithm failure under low signal to noise ratio, which brings better applicability.

Key words: frequency diverse array (FDA), adaptive beamforming, eigenspace, pointing error

CLC Number:

TN974

Yingjian ZHAO, Bo TIAN, Chunyang WANG, Jian GONG, Ming TAN. Improved ESB beamforming algorithm based on frequency diverse array[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2021, 43(11): 3151-3159.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig.1

Fig.2

Table 1

Fig.3

Table 2

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

Fig.12

References 30

1	ANTONIK P, WICKS M C, GRIFFITHS H D, et al. Frequency diverse array radars[C]//Proc. of the IEEE Radar Conference, 2006: 215-217.
2	YAO A M , WU W , FANG D G . Solutions of time-invariant spatial focusing for multi-targets using time modulated frequency diverse antenna array[J]. IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation, 2017, 65 (2): 552- 566. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2016.2633902
3	WANG W Q , SO H C . Transmit subaperturing for range and angle estimation in frequency diverse array radar[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 2014, 62 (8): 2000- 2011. doi: 10.1109/TSP.2014.2305638
4	AHMED S , ALOUINI M S . MIMO-radar waveform covariance matrix for high SINR and low side-lobe levels[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 2014, 62 (8): 4748- 4759.
5	CUI G L , LI H B , RANGASWAMY M . MIMO radar waveform design with constant modulus and similarity constraints[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 2014, 62 (2): 343- 353. doi: 10.1109/TSP.2013.2288086
6	SAMMARTINO P F , BAKER C J , GRIFFITHS H D . Frequency diverse MIMO techniques for radar[J]. IEEE Trans.on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2013, 49 (1): 201- 222. doi: 10.1109/TAES.2013.6404099
7	WANG W Q . Phased-MIMO radar with frequency diversity for range-dependent beamforming[J]. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2013, 13 (4): 1320- 1328. doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2012.2232909
8	XU J W , LIAO G S , ZHU S Q , et al. Deception jamming suppression with frequency diverse MIMO radar[J]. Signal Processing, 2015, 113, 9- 17. doi: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2015.01.014
9	LI J , STOICA P . MIMO radar with colocated antennas: review of some recent work[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 2007, 24 (5): 106- 114. doi: 10.1109/MSP.2007.904812
10	张小飞, 陈华伟, 仇小锋, 等. 阵列信号处理及MATAB实现[M]. 2版北京: 电子工业出版社, 2015: 50- 55.
	ZHANG X F , CHEN H W , QIU X F , et al. Array signal processing and MATAB implementation[M]. 2nd ed Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2015: 50- 55.
11	REED I S , MALLETT J D , BREBBAB L E . Rapid convergence rate in adaptive antenna[J]. IEEE Trans.on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 1974, 10 (6): 853- 863.
12	刘聪锋, 刘晓军, 廖桂生. 稳健自适应波束形成算法综述[J]. 中国电子科学研究院学报, 2019, 4 (6): 560- 565.
	LIU C F , LIU X J , LIAO G S . Review for robust adaptive beamforming algorithms[J]. Journal of China Academy of Electronics and Information Technology, 2019, 4 (6): 560- 565.
13	TIAN Z , BELL K L , VAN TREES H L . A recursive least squares implementation for LCMP beamforming under quadra-tic constraint[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 2001, 49 (6): 1138- 1145. doi: 10.1109/78.923296
14	CHANG L , YEH C C . Performance of DMI and eigenspace based beamformers[J]. IEEE Trans.on Antennas Propagation, 1992, 40 (11): 1336- 1347. doi: 10.1109/8.202711
15	THOMAS J K , SCHARF L L , TUFTS D W . The probability of a subspace swap in the SVD[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 1995, 43 (3): 730- 736. doi: 10.1109/78.370627
16	LEE C C , LEE J H . Eigenspace-based adaptive array beamforming with robust capabilities[J]. IEEE Trans.on Antennas Propagation, 1997, 45 (1): 711- 716.
17	MESTRE X , LAGUNAS M A . Finite sample size effect on minimum variance beamformers optimum diagonal loading factor for large arrays[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 2006, 54 (1): 69- 82. doi: 10.1109/TSP.2005.861052
18	XU J W, LIAO G S, ZHU S Q. Robust adaptive beamforming based on response vector optimization[C]//Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustic, Speech and Signal Processing, 2014: 6043-6046.
19	VOROBYOV S A , GERSHMAN A B , LUO Z Q . Robust adaptive beamforming using worst-case performance optimization: a solution to the signal mismatch problem[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 2003, 41 (2): 313- 324.
20	VOROBYOV S A , GERSHMAN A B , LUO Z Q , et al. Adaptive beamforming with joint robustness against mismatched signal steering vector and interference nonstationarity[J]. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 2004, 11 (2): 108- 111. doi: 10.1109/LSP.2003.819857
21	LI J , STOICA P , WANG Z S . On robust Capon beamforming and diagonal loading[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 2003, 51 (7): 1702- 1715. doi: 10.1109/TSP.2003.812831
22	HOSOUR S , TEWFIK A H . Wavelet transform domain adaptive filtering[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 1997, 45 (3): 617- 630. doi: 10.1109/78.558477
23	XU J W, XU Y H, LIAO G S. Direct data domain based adaptive beamforming for FDA-MIMO radar[C]//Proc. of the IEEE Statistical Signal Processing Workshop, 2016.
24	冯晓宇, 谢军伟, 葛佳昂, 等. 基于频控阵的稳健Capon波束形成[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2019, 45 (4): 769- 777.
	FENG X Y , XIE J W , GE J A , et al. Robust Capon beamforming based on frequency diverse array[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics, 2019, 45 (4): 769- 777.
25	冯晓宇, 谢军伟, 葛佳昂, 等. 基于频控阵的递推最小二乘波束形成算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2019, 41 (7): 1468- 1473.
	FENG X Y , XIE J W , GE J A , et al. Recursive least squares beamforming algorithm based on frequency diverse array[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2019, 41 (7): 1468- 1473.
26	胡柏林. 非正侧频率分集雷达特性研究[M]. 西安: 西安电子科技大学出版社, 2014: 22- 40.
	HU B L . Study on characteristics of non-side-looking frequency diverse array radar[M]. Xi'an: Xidian University Press, 2014: 22- 40.
27	TAN M , WANG C Y , YUAN H , et al. FDA-MIMO beamforming synthesis with Hamming window weighted linear frequency increments[J]. International Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 2020, 2020 (1): 1- 8.
28	TAN M , WANG C Y , LI Z . Correction analysis of frequency diverse array radar about time[J]. IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation, 2021, 69 (2): 834- 847. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2020.3016508
29	刘聪锋. 稳健自适应波束形成算法[M]. 西安: 西安电子科技大学出版社, 2012: 43- 46.
	LIU C F . Robust adaptive beamforming algorithms[M]. Xi'an: Xidian University Press, 2012: 43- 46.
30	张小飞, 李建峰, 徐大专, 等. 阵列信号处理及MATLAB实现[M]. 北京: 中国工信出版社, 2017: 67- 68.
	ZHANG X F , LI J F , XU D Z , et al. Array signal processing and MATAB implementation[M]. Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2017: 67- 68.

仿真参数	数值
发射阵元数	12
接收阵元数	12
载频/GHz	3
频偏增量/kHz	3
干扰频宽/MHz	300
发射阵元间距/m	0.05
接收阵元间距/m	0.05
信噪比/dB	0
目标位置	(0°, 30 km)

仿真参数	数值
干扰1	(0°, 50 km)
干扰2	(-20°, 30 km)
干扰3	(10°, 50 km)
干扰4	(20°, 10 km)
干扰5	(50°, 40 km)
干噪比/dB	10
失配角度/(°)	5

[1]	Fuhai WAN, Jingwei XU, Zhenrong ZHANG. Robust anti-main lobe range deceptive jamming technology with FDA-MIMO radar [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2022, 44(9): 2809-2816.
[2]	Yingjian ZHAO, Bo TIAN, Chunyang WANG, Jian GONG, Ming TAN, Changlin ZHOU. Space-time joint suppression method of main-beam SMSP jamming based on FDA-MIMO radar [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2022, 44(7): 2157-2165.
[3]	Yibin LIU, Chunyang WANG, Jian GONG, Ming TAN. Low-complexity and robust beamforming algorithm based on frequency diverse array MIMO radar [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2022, 44(11): 3388-3396.
[4]	Zhizhong LIAO, Qi WANG. Influence and countermeasures of radar seeker pointing error on missile guidance [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2021, 43(2): 519-525.
[5]	Fang PENG, Jun WU, Shuai WANG, Jianjun XIANG. Adaptive beamforming algorithm for airborne early warning radar based on SVRGD [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2021, 43(1): 83-90.
[6]	Zhuo CHEN, Weimin JIA, Wei JIN, Fenggan ZHANG. Robust multiple mainlobe interferences suppression method [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2020, 42(3): 544-549.
[7]	FENG Xiaoyu, XIE Junwei, GE Jiaang, YUAN Junchao. Recursive least squares beamforming algorithm based on frequency diverse array [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2019, 41(7): 1468-1473.
[8]	TANG Min, QI Dong, LIU Chengcheng, ZHAO Yongjun. Adaptive beamforming algorithm for coherent signal in single snapshot case [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2019, 41(6): 1224-1229.
[9]	HUO Liping, MAO Xingpeng, SHI Yunmei, JIA Shaowen, LI Guangyan. Widely linear adaptive beamforming algorithm based on minimum sensitivity [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2019, 41(3): 471-475.
[10]	XU Jingwei, LAN Lan, ZHU Shengqi, LIAO Guisheng, ZHANG Yuhong. Design of matched filter for coherent FDA radar [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2018, 40(8): 1720-1728.
[11]	XU Yizheng, LIAO Guisheng, XU Jingwei, WANG Chenghao. Range ambiguous clutter suppression based on forward looking FDA-MIMO radar [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2018, 40(12): 2662-2667.
[12]	SHEN Feng, SONG Jinyang. Constrained constant modulus beamforming based on cubature Kalman filter [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2016, 38(12): 2700-2704.
[13]	CHEN Chengzeng， WU Jianxin， WANG Tong， WU Yifeng. Monopulse angle estimation with adaptive array based on  monopulse response curve fitting [J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2013, 35(7): 1403-1408.
[14]	SONG Zhi-jie, WANG Liang. Time-domain adaptive beamforming and parameters estimation on single Chirp pulses [J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2012, 34(8): 1592-1596.
[15]	ZHAO Hong-wei, LIAN Bao-wang, FENG Juan. Adaptive beamforming algorithm for space-time interference suppression in GNSS receivers [J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2012, 34(7): 1312-1317.

Improved ESB beamforming algorithm based on frequency diverse array

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 14

References 30

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments