机载高分辨CSSAR地面加速运动目标成像方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.10.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

机载圆轨迹条带合成孔径雷达(circular stripmap synthetic aperture radar，CSSAR)的圆轨迹运动导致目标信号特性复杂、目标距离方程高阶分量显著等问题，给运动目标成像带来很多困难。考虑到高分辨是未来的发展趋势，针对机载高分辨CSSAR，提出一种地面加速运动目标成像方法。首先，针对目标距离方程高阶分量显著的问题，建立了四阶Taylor近似距离模型，以保证成像质量。接着，推导了目标二维频域信号模型，提出通过二维频域相位相乘来高效地实现目标聚焦，并利用差分进化算法高效地实现对距离模型各参数的精确搜索。最后，通过实验验证了所提方法的有效性。

关键词: 机载圆轨迹条带合成孔径雷达, 地面运动目标成像, 距离方程

Abstract:

The airborne circular stripmap synthetic aperture radar (CSSAR) has complex target signal characteristics and significant high-order components of the target range equation due to its circular motion, which brings many difficulties to the imaging of moving targets. Considering that high-resolution is the future development trend, a ground accelerated moving target imaging method is proposed for airborne high-resolution CSSAR. Firstly, to address the issue of significant high-order components in the target range equation, a fourth-order Taylor approximate range model is established to ensure the imaging quality. Next, a two-dimensional frequency-domain signal model of the target is derived, and it is proposed to efficiently achieve target focusing through two-dimensional frequency-domain phase multiplication. The differential evolution algorithm is also used to efficiently achieve accurate search of various parameters of the range model. Finally, the experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Key words: airborne circular stripmap synthetic aperture radar (CSSAR), ground moving target imaging, range equation

中图分类号:

TN951

李永康, 朱济荣, 杨晨茜. 机载高分辨CSSAR地面加速运动目标成像方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(10): 3347-3355.

Yongkang LI, Jirong ZHU, Chenxi YANG. Ground accelerating moving target imaging method for airborne high-resolution CSSAR[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2024, 46(10): 3347-3355.

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系统参数	参数值
雷达平台速度/(m/s)	125
飞行半径/km	2.3
雷达平台高度/km	8
载频/GHz	10
场景中心距离/km	10
采样频率/MHz	360
发射信号带宽/MHz	300
合成孔径时间/s	2.5
脉冲重复频率/Hz	2 000

参数	T1	T2	T3
v_x/(m/s)	-2.0	14.0	-13.0
v_y/(m/s)	4.0	10.0	22.0
a_x/(m/s²)	0.2	-0.4	0.3
a_y/(m/s²)	0.7	-0.5	-0.9
r₀/km	7.9	8.7	8.3

参数	真实值	估计值	绝对误差
l₁	-1.146 9	-1.151 0	0.004 1
l₂	2.755 0	2.749 9	0.000 1
l₃	-0.004 7	-0.004 7	0.000 1
l₄	-0.001 0	-0.000 9	0.000 1

参数	真实值	估计值	绝对误差
l₁	8.745 7	8.755 3	0.009 6
l₂	2.648 3	2.648 2	0.000 1
l₃	0.004 9	-0.004 9	0.000 0
l₄	-0.001 1	-0.001 0	0.000 1

参数	真实值	估计值	绝对误差
l₁	-7.800 0	-7.801 1	0.001 1
l₂	2.663 9	2.663 8	0.000 1
l₃	0.002 1	0.002 1	0.000 0
l₄	-0.000 8	-0.008 1	0.000 1