空间目标极化雷达动态回波建模与仿真方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.09.13

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (9): 2999-3007.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.09.13

• 传感器与信号处理 • 上一篇

空间目标极化雷达动态回波建模与仿真方法

陈卓¹(), 徐志明¹(), 张杨², 艾小锋¹, 程江华¹

1. 国防科技大学电子科学学院，湖南长沙 410073
2. 中国人民解放军 63801部队，四川西昌 615000

收稿日期:2025-05-28 修回日期:2025-08-27 接受日期:2025-09-04 出版日期:2025-11-27 发布日期:2025-11-27
通讯作者: 徐志明 E-mail:chenzhuocz19@nudt.edu.cn;zmxu_nudt@163.com
作者简介:陈　卓（2001—），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为目标极化电磁散射特性
张　杨（1993—），女，助理工程师，学士，主要研究方向为雷达信号处理与数据分析
艾小锋（1983—），男，副研究员，博士，主要研究方向为雷达目标特性分析
程江华（1979—），男，教授，博士，主要研究方向为智能信息处理
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金（62401580）；国防科技大学青年自主创新科学基金（ZK24-13）资助课题

Dynamic echo modeling and simulation method for polarimetric radar space target

Zhuo Chen¹(), Zhiming Xu¹(), Yang Zhang², Xiaofeng Ai¹, Jianghua Cheng¹

1. College of Electronic Science and Technology，National University of Defense Technology，Changsha 410073，China
2. Unit 63801 of the PLA，Xichang 615000，China

Received:2025-05-28 Revised:2025-08-27 Accepted:2025-09-04 Online:2025-11-27 Published:2025-11-27
Contact: Zhiming Xu E-mail:chenzhuocz19@nudt.edu.cn;zmxu_nudt@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对逆合成孔径雷达外场试验具有高成本和高敏感性，且实测回波数据获取十分有限，给空间目标电磁散射特性与识别研究造成困难的问题，提出一种空间目标监视场景下多极化模式的动态回波建模与仿真方法。首先，构建空间目标监视模型，结合观测站可视条件解算观测窗口。然后，根据运动模型解算目标相对雷达的姿态，通过在电磁仿真数据库中插值生成观测窗口内空间目标的线极化、圆极化动态仿真回波。最后，以冰、云与陆地高程卫星为例，给出了包括线极化、圆极化等多极化方式的仿真回波成像结果，验证方法的有效性。该方法可以为空间目标成像识别、特征提取等领域研究提供数据支撑。

关键词: 空间目标, 极化雷达, 回波仿真, 逆合成孔径雷达图像

Abstract:

To address the high cost and high sensitivity of inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) field test, and the limited acquisition of measured echo data, which makes it difficult to study the electromagnetic scattering characteristics and recognition of space targets, a dynamic echo modeling and simulation method of multi polarization mode in space target monitoring scene is proposed. Firstly, the space target monitoring model is constructed, and the observation window is calculated according to the visual conditions of the observation station, Then, the attitude of the target relative to the radar is calculated according to the motion model, and the linear polarization and circular polarization dynamic simulation echoes of the space target in the observation window are generated by interpolation in the electromagnetic simulation database. Finally, the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite （ICESat） is taken as an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Simulated ISAR imaging results with multiple polarization modes （including linear polarization and circular polarization） are displayed. This method can support researches in space target imaging, identification and feature extraction.

Key words: space target, polarimetric radar, echo simulation, inverse synthetic aperture radar （ISAR） image

中图分类号:

TN 955

陈卓, 徐志明, 张杨, 艾小锋, 程江华. 空间目标极化雷达动态回波建模与仿真方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2026, 48(9): 2999-3007.

Zhuo Chen, Zhiming Xu, Yang Zhang, Xiaofeng Ai, Jianghua Cheng. Dynamic echo modeling and simulation method for polarimetric radar space target[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(9): 2999-3007.

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参考文献 31

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半长轴 $a$/km	偏心率 $e$	轨道倾角 $i$/（$^\circ $）	升交点赤经 $\varOmega $/（$^\circ $）	近地点幅角 $ {\omega _{{\mathrm{orbit}}}} $/（$^\circ $）	真近点角 ${\varphi _{{\mathrm{orbit}}}}$/（$^\circ $）
6556.70	0.0033	93.98	159.29	30.65	329.69

参数	范围	步进
扫频/GHz	9~10	0.01
扫方位角/（°）	$60 $~$80 $	$0.1$
扫俯仰角/（°）	$15 $~$170 $	$0.1 $

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空间目标极化雷达动态回波建模与仿真方法

Dynamic echo modeling and simulation method for polarimetric radar space target

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