面向区域防空场景的杀伤链设计方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.05.20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着战争形式的演变, 区域防空场景中杀伤链的高效构建成为防空作战的关键, 现有防空杀伤链的设计方法大多从装备组合角度考虑, 并未考虑杀伤链构建过程中的指挥逻辑、节点协同交互等问题, 导致建链方案实时性不强、适应性不足、可靠性较低。针对此问题, 提出一种区域联合防空杀伤链设计方法。首先，设计基于抢派单策略的杀伤链构建机制, 将各个节点作战的自主性与上级集中协调的高效性两个优势结合。其次，提出“分区—逐层—分工”的联合杀伤链设计方法, 能够针对性地解决区域级联合防空杀伤链构建问题。最后，设计仿真场景, 验证方法的有效性。

关键词: 杀伤链, 联合防空, 商业订单服务, 抢派单策略, 鲸鱼优化算法

Abstract:

With the evolution of war forms, the construction of kill chain in air defense combat has become the key to constrain the air defense combat capability. Most of the existing design methods of air defense kill chain are considered from the perspective of equipment combination, and the command logic and node coordination and interaction in the process of kill chain construction are not taken into account, which leads to the lack of real-time chain construction, adaptability and reliability. In view of this problem, a design method of regional joint air defense kill chain is proposed. Firstly, we design the kill chain construction mechanism based on the strategy of grab-and dispatch strategy, which combines the autonomy of each node and the efficiency of centralized coordination of the higher level. Secondly, the joint kill chain design method of "zoning-layer-by-layer-division of labor" is put forword, which can specifically solve the problem of regional joint air defense chain construction. Finally, the simulation scenario is designed to verify the effectiveness of the method.

Key words: kill chain, joint air defense, commercial order service, grab-and dispatch strategy, whale optimization algorithm

中图分类号:

刘祥雨, 王刚, 郭相科, 付强, 李腾达. 面向区域防空场景的杀伤链设计方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2025, 47(5): 1582-1599.

Xiangyu LIU, Gang WANG, Xiangke GUO, Qiang FU, Tengda LI. Kill chain design methodology for area air defense scenarios[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2025, 47(5): 1582-1599.

图/表 20

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

表1

图9

图10

表2

表3

表4

表5

图11

图12

图13

图14

图15

参考文献 30

1	DURRANTP,KENDERESM.TDLs: moving from the kill chain to the kill web[J].Australian Defence Magazine,2016,24(11):40, 42-43.
2	SUNS Z,LIUY,SHENGB Q,et al.Research on the operation mechanism and winning mechanism of mosaic warfare[J].Command Control & Simulation,2023,42(2):150-154.
3	WANGL Y,CHENL B,YANGZ W,et al.A prospect-theory-based operation loop decision-making method for kill web[J].Mathematics,2022,10(19):3486. doi: 10.3390/math10193486
4	杨松, 王维平, 李小波. 杀伤链概念发展及研究现状综述[C]//第三届体系工程学术会议, 2021: 62-67.
	YANG S, WANG W P, LI X B. Summary of development and research status of kill chain concept[C]//Proc. of the 3rd System Engineering Conference, 2021: 62-67.
5	陈登,陈楚湘,周春华.基于OODA环的杀伤网节点重要性评估[J].兵工学报,2024,45(2):363-373.
	CHEND,CHENC X,ZHOUC H.Evaluation of importance of kill net nodes based on OODA ring[J].Acta Armamentarii,2024,45(2):363-373.
6	陈怡超, 刘冠邦, 赵晓莲. 美空战场杀伤链及其韧性网络[C]//第十届中国指挥控制大会, 2022: 317-323.
	CHEN Y C, LIU G B, ZHAO X L. US-air battlefield kill chain and its resilience network[C]//Proc. of the 10th China Command and Control Conference, 2022: 317-323.
7	秦长江,吴克宇,成清.基于杀伤网贡献率的动态体系节点重要度评估[J].系统工程与电子技术,2023,45(6):1732-1742. doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.06.17
	QINC J,WUK Y,CHENGQ.Node importance evaluation of dynamic systems based on kill net contribution[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2023,45(6):1732-1742. doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.06.17
8	姜九瑶. 基于杀伤网的智能化作战体系韧性分析方法研究[D]. 长沙: 国防科技大学, 2022.
	JIANG J Y. Killer web based intelligent operating system toughness analysis method research[D]. Changsha: National University of Defense Technology, 2022.
9	邵俊. 基于杀伤网的装备组合选择方法研究[D]. 长沙: 国防科技大学, 2020.
	SHAO J. Based on the combination to kill your network equipment selection method research[D]. Changsha: National University of Defense Technology, 2020.
10	夏博远,杨克巍,杨志伟.基于杀伤网评估的装备组合多目标优化[J].系统工程与电子技术,2021,43(2):399-409. doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2021.02.15
	XIAB Y,YANGK W,YANGZ W.Multi-objective optimization of equipment combination based on kill net evaluation[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2021,43(2):399-409. doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2021.02.15
11	王超,郭基联,符凌云.基于拓扑势的作战体系网络节点重要度评估方法[J].兵工学报,2020,41(8):1658-1664.
	WANGC,GUOJ L,FUL Y.Topological potential based node importance evaluation method for combat system network[J].Acta Armamentarii,2020,41(8):1658-1664.
12	李尔玉,龚建兴,黄健.基于功能链的作战体系复杂网络节点重要性评价方法[J].指挥与控制学报,2018,4(1):42-49.
	LIE Y,GONGJ X,HUANGJ.Node importance evaluation method for complex combat system network based on function chain[J].Journal of Command and Control,2018,4(1):42-49.
13	罗金亮,金家才,王雷.基于功能贡献度的网络化防空节点重要性评价方法[J].计算机科学,2018,45(2):175-180.
	LUOJ L,JINJ C,WANGL.Importance evaluation method of networked air defense nodes based on function contribution[J].Computer Science,2018,45(2):175-180.
14	石福丽. 基于超网络的军事通信网络建模、分析与重构方法研究[D]. 长沙: 国防科技大学, 2013.
	SHI F L. Research on modeling, analysis and reconstruction of military communication network based on hypernetwork[D]. Changsha: National University of Defense Technology, 2013.
15	万斯来,王国新,明振军.基于知识推理的杀伤网智能设计方法[J].兵工学报,2024,45(4):1025-1037.
	WANS L,WANGG X,MINGZ J.Intelligent design method of kill net based on knowledge reasoning[J].Acta Armamentarii,2024,45(4):1025-1037.
16	吴克宇,冯旸赫,黄金才.面向随机并发任务的杀伤网建模与最优控制方法[J].指挥与控制学报,2023,9(4):487-494.
	WUK Y,FENGY H,HUANGJ C.Kill net modeling and optimal control method for random concurrent tasks[J].Journal of Command and Control,2023,9(4):487-494.
17	郑小红,龙军,蔡志平.关于网约车订单分配策略的综述[J].计算机工程与科学,2020,42(7):1267-1275.
	ZHENGX H,LONGJ,CAIZ P.A review of order allocation strategies for online ride-hailing[J].Computer Engineering and Science,2020,42(7):1267-1275.
18	WUB W,HANK.On the task assignment with group fairness for spatial crowdsourcing[J].Information Processing & Mana gement,2023,60(2):103175.
19	LOUZ L,JIEW C,ZHANGS Z.Multi-objective optimization for order assignment in food delivery industry with human factor considerations[J].Sustainability,2020,12(19):7955. doi: 10.3390/su12197955
20	DANULAH,VASSILISK,JORGEG.A survey on task assignment in crowdsourcing[J].Association for Computing Machinery Computing Surveys,2023,55(3):49.
21	CHENZ Y,YOUJ P,JIANGH W,et al.Auction mechanism-based order allocation for third-party vehicle logistics platforms[J].Advanced Engineering Informatics,2023,58(2):102116.
22	YOUJ P,JIANGH W,CHENZ Y,et al.Order allocation strategy for online car-hailing platform in the context of multi-party interests[J].Advanced Engineering Informatics,2023,1(2):102110.
23	SHIJ X,LIX Y.Order assignment in a ride-hailing platform with heterogeneous participants[J].Operations Management Research,2023,4(2):152-174.
24	樊良优,姚小强,王刚.基于决策树的指挥控制决策方法[J].电光与控制,2023,30(7):73-77.
	FANL Y,YAOX Q,WANGG.Command and control decision method based on decision tree[J].Electro-optics and Control,2023,30(7):73-77.
25	胡诗骏,姚佩阳,孙昱.关于战场环境指挥资源调度结构设计[J].计算机仿真,2016,33(7):10-15.
	HUS J,YAOP Y,SUNY.Design of resource scheduling structure for battlefield environment command[J].Computer Simulation,2016,33(7):10-15.
26	董晨,帅逸仙,周金鹏.网络化多传感器-多武器协同防空任务规划[J].系统工程与电子技术,2022,44(12):3738-3746. doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2022.12.18
	DONGC,SHUAIY X,ZHOUJ P.Networked multi-sensor-multi-weapon cooperative air defense mission planning[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2022,44(12):3738-3746. doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2022.12.18
27	HUANGK E,WUZ X.WPO: a whale particle optimization algorithm[J].International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems,2023,16(1):115.
28	BODEWIGP.An adaptive fast whale optimization algorithm[J].Computer Engineering & Science,2023,45(1):145-153.
29	SINGHH,RAIV,KUMARV,et al.An enhanced whale optimization algorithm for clustering[J].Multimedia Tools and Applications,2023,82(3):4599-4618.
30	CRIADOE,LOPEZP,ORGAZA,et al.Review of whale optimization algorithm[J].Application Research of Computers,2023,40(2):328-336.

来袭目标	跟踪参数
预警机	0.40
隐身战斗机	0.75
直升机、无人机	0.50
弹道导弹	0.85
巡航导弹	0.55

装备类型	装备	数量
跟踪节点	地面雷达(sen₁~sen₆)	6
跟踪节点	导弹驱逐舰舰载雷达(sen₇~sen₈)	2
跟踪节点	战斗机携带机载雷达(sen₉~sen₁₄)	6
跟踪节点	预警机机载雷达(sen₁₅)	1
决策节点	区域指控中心(dec₁)	1
决策节点	地面、空中及海上指控中心(dec₂~dec₄)	3
决策节点	地空导弹机动指控(dec₅~dec₆)	2
决策节点	地面防空反导便携指控(dec₇~dec₁₀)	4
拦截节点	各型地空导弹拦截装备(we₁~we₂₀)	20
拦截节点	导弹驱逐舰防空导弹(we₂₁~we₃₆)	16
拦截节点	战斗机(we₃₇~we₄₂)	6

目标订单集合批号	目标订单标号	目标订单类型	目标订单等级
TA₁	ta₁~ta₂₀	巡航导弹	3
TA₂	ta₂₁~ta₄₀	巡航导弹	3
TA₃	ta₄₁~ta₅₀	无人机	3
TA₄	ta₅₁~ta₅₅	战斗机	4
TA₅	ta₅₆~ta₆₀	轰炸机	5
TA₆	ta₆₁~ta₆₅	战斗级	3

战术级指控中心	目标订单集合	是否能够独立建链	协同建链
dec₂	TA₁、TA₂、TA₆、TA₅	否	无法对TA₂部分目标进行跟踪, 需要部分战斗机提供跟踪制导信息
dec₃	TA₄、TA₃	是	无
dec₄	TA₅、TA₂	否	为隐秘接近蓝方TA₅, 需要地面雷达提高跟踪制导信息

目标订单	传感器节点	决策节点	拦截节点	打击目标订单
< ta₁、ta₂、ta₇、 ta₉、ta₁₀、ta₁₁、 ta₁₂、ta₁₃、ta₁₈、 ta₁₇、ta₁₈、 ta₁₉、ta₂₀>	sen₁	dec₇	we₁ we₂ we₃ we₄ we₅	ta₁、ta₇、ta₉、ta₁₃、ta₁₈、ta₂₀ ta₁、ta₂、ta₄、ta₇、ta₉、ta₁₀、ta₁₂、ta₁₃、ta₁₇、ta₁₉ ta₁、ta₂、ta₄、ta₉、ta₁₀、ta₁₂、ta₁₈、ta₂₀ ta₁、ta₂、ta₉、ta₁₀、ta₁₁、ta₁₂、ta₁₉、ta₂₀ ta₂、ta₄、ta₇、ta₁₀、ta₁₁、ta₁₂、ta₁₃、ta₁₇、ta₁₉、ta₂₀
< ta₁₄、 ta₁₅、 ta₁₆、>	sen₉	dec₆-dec₇	we₂ we₃ we₄ we₅	ta₁₄ ta₁₅ ta₁₄、ta₁₅、ta₁₆ ta₁₅、ta₁₆
< ta₃、ta₅、ta₆、 ta₈、ta₁₁、ta₂₀、 ta₂₁、ta₂₃>	sen₂	dec₈	we₆ we₇ we₈	ta₃、ta₅、ta₆、ta₈、ta₁₁、ta₂₁ ta₅、ta₁₈、ta₁₉、ta₂₀、ta₂₁ ta₂₁、ta₂₃
< ta₁₄、ta₁₅、ta₁₆>	sen₉	dec₆-dec₈	we₆	ta₁₄、ta₁₅、ta₁₆
< ta₂₁、ta₂₂、 ta₂₃、ta₂₄、ta₂₅>	sen₃	dec₆	we₉ we₁₀	ta₂₁、ta₂₂ ta₂₁、ta₂₃、ta₂₄、ta₂₅