基于低轨卫星OFDM信号侦测的隐蔽定位算法研究

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.12.03

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (12): 3957-3964.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.12.03

• 电子技术 • 上一篇

基于低轨卫星OFDM信号侦测的隐蔽定位算法研究

顾博文¹, 李林¹^,*, 代传金², 臧博¹, 朱志刚¹, 刘湘蒲³, 唐俊林³

1. 西安电子科技大学电子工程学院, 陕西西安 710071
2. 空军工程大学信息与导航学院, 陕西西安 710071
3. 中国星网网络应用有限公司, 四川重庆 401120

收稿日期:2023-10-25 出版日期:2024-11-25 发布日期:2024-12-30
通讯作者: 李林
作者简介:顾博文(1998—), 男, 博士研究生, 主要研究方向为机会信号导航、信号检测与估值
李林(1980—), 男, 教授, 博士, 主要研究方向为电子侦察、信号检测与估值、机会信号导航
代传金(1982—), 男, 副教授, 博士, 主要研究方向为智能导航、机会导航
臧博(1983—), 男, 副教授, 博士, 主要研究方向为现代信号实时处理系统、电磁环境监测
朱志刚(1989—), 男, 讲师, 博士, 主要研究方向为深度学习、信号分析与智能处理
刘湘蒲(1988—), 男, 高级工程师, 博士, 主要研究方向为卫星通信系统、星地融合通信
唐俊林(1986—), 男, 高级工程师, 博士, 主要研究方向为卫星通信系统、通导融合系统
基金资助:
重庆市自然科学基金(CSTB2023NSCQ-LMX0029);国家自然科学基金(62071349);国家自然科学基金(62203343);陕西省重点研发计划(2023-YBGY-223)

Research on concealed positioning algorithm based on LEO satellites OFDM signal investigation and detection

Bowen GU¹, Lin LI¹^,*, Chuanjin DAI², Bo ZANG¹, Zhigang ZHU¹, Xiangpu LIU³, Junlin TANG³

1. School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
2. College of Information and Navigation, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an 710071, China
3. China Satellite Network Exploration Co. Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China

Received:2023-10-25 Online:2024-11-25 Published:2024-12-30
Contact: Lin LI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

巨型低轨通信卫星星座的快速发展，为机会信号导航(navigation via signals of opportunity，NAVSOP)技术提供了大量优质的信号资源。针对现有低轨卫星NAVSOP技术无法提供持续、稳定定位服务的问题，提出一种基于低轨卫星正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM)信号侦测的隐蔽定位算法。所提算法可以与基于卫星信标信号的NAVSOP技术互补，提供持续、稳定的位置信息。分析了多普勒效应对低轨卫星系统OFDM信号子载波和带宽的影响，在此基础上对接收端信号进行建模；基于谱图修正的OFDM信号带宽估计算法建立基于瞬时带宽的新型观测定位方程，并利用最小二乘算法得到十米量级精度的实时解。实验结果表明，与经典的多普勒定位算法相比，所提算法在低信噪比条件下具有更高的定位精度。

关键词: 机会信号导航, 低轨卫星, OFDM信号, 瞬时带宽估计, 隐蔽定位

Abstract:

The rapid development of huge low Earth orbit (LEO) communication mega-constellation satellites provides lots of high-quality signal resources for navigation via signals of opportunity (NAVSOP). A concealed positioning algorithm based on LEO satellite orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal detection is proposed to address the issue that the existing LEO satellite NAVSOP technology cannot provide sustained and stable positioning services. The proposed algorithm can complement the NAVSOP technology based on satellite beacon signals and provide sustained and stable position information. The influence of Doppler effect on the subcarrier and bandwidth of OFDM signal is analyzed, and the receiver signal is modeled. A new observation and positioning equation based on instantaneous bandwidth is established based on a bandwidth estimation method for OFDM signals based on spectral correction, and a real-time solution with the precision of 10m scale is obtained by least square algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has higher positioning accuracy under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) compared with the classical Doppler positioning algorithm.

Key words: navigation via signals of opportunity (NAVSOP), low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal, instantaneous bandwidth estimation, concealed positioning

中图分类号:

TN967.2

顾博文, 李林, 代传金, 臧博, 朱志刚, 刘湘蒲, 唐俊林. 基于低轨卫星OFDM信号侦测的隐蔽定位算法研究[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(12): 3957-3964.

Bowen GU, Lin LI, Chuanjin DAI, Bo ZANG, Zhigang ZHU, Xiangpu LIU, Junlin TANG. Research on concealed positioning algorithm based on LEO satellites OFDM signal investigation and detection[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2024, 46(12): 3957-3964.

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参数	Starlink	Oneweb	Iridium	5G NR	LTE
带宽/MHZ	250	250	0.031 5	100	20
频段	Ka, Ku	Ka, Ku	Ka	6 GHz	2.37 GHz
总带宽/GHZ	2	2	0.01	*	*

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基于低轨卫星OFDM信号侦测的隐蔽定位算法研究

Research on concealed positioning algorithm based on LEO satellites OFDM signal investigation and detection

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