基于IPSO算法的多场景最优基站分布研究

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.04.17

Abstract

Abstract:

To address the problem of reasonable deployment of base stations in base station positioning, this paper investigates the optimal base station distribution problem in multiple-scenario indoor localization based on improved particle swarm optimization （IPSO） algorithm. Firstly, the theoretical minimum value of horizontal dilution of precision （HDOP） corresponding to different numbers of base stations is calculated and the recommended number of base stations for practical engineering is provided. Next, simulation experiments are conducted using the IPSO algorithm to calculate the optimal base station distribution schemes corresponding to different numbers of base stations in multiple scenarios such as rectangle, circle, “L” shape, and “loop” shape. Finally, the relationship between HDOP and base station network radius is studied, and simulation results show that there is a nonlinear inverse proportional relationship between base station network radius and HDOP, indicating the existence of an optimal base station network radius. This study provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for the reasonable distribution of base stations in multi scenario indoor positioning systems, which helps to promote the further improvement and development of indoor positioning technology.

Key words: indoor positioning, base station distribution, improved particle swarm optimization algorithm, horizontal dilution of precision (HDOP)

CLC Number:

TN 929.5

Shuaichen LI, Jianfeng WU, Xiaoyan LIU. Research on optimal base station distribution in multiple scenarios based on IPSO algorithm[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(4): 1283-1291.

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基站数量	HDOP最小值	HDOP减小量
3	1.1547	0
4	1.000	0.1547
5	0.8944	0.1056
6	0.8165	0.0779
7	0.7559	0.0606
8	0.7071	0.0488

迭代次数	PSO计算结果	IPSO计算结果
1	2.333	2.097
3	1.581	1.325
5	1.581	1.284
7	1.414	1.284
9	1.358	1.277
11	1.308	1.241
13	1.279	1.241
15	1.257	1.24
17	1.244	1.239
19	1.244	1.239
21	1.244	1.239
23	1.241	1.239
25	1.24	1.239
27	1.24	1.239
29	1.24	1.239
31	1.239	1.239
33	1.239	1.239

基站数量	最小HDOP均值
4	1.24
5	1.09
6	0.97

基站数量	最小HDOP均值
4	1.6
5	1.44
6	1.3

基站数量	最小HDOP均值
4	1.11
5	0.99
6	0.92

Research on optimal base station distribution in multiple scenarios based on IPSO algorithm

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基站数量/个	最小HDOP均值
4	1.13
5	1.03
6	0.93

基站网半径/m	HDOP
5	1.50
10	1.38
15	1.34
20	1.31
25	1.30
30	1.30