Abstract: The progress of electromagnetic metamaterial promotes its application in radar electromagnetic manipulation and the research about electromagnetic metamaterial has become a hotspot in the fields of electromagnetic protection,  electromagnetic stealth and electromagnetic countermeasure. First, the principle and characteristics of passive electromagnetic manipulation are introduced, and several typical passive electromagnetic manipulation techniques of radar including radar corner reflector, radar absorbing materials, reconfigurable electromagnetic metamaterial and Van Atta array are discussed. Then, this paper sums up the current situation of passive electromagnetic manipulation technology and the development of corresponding equipment systematically. The advantages and disadvantages of various electromagnetic manipulation technologies are analyzed in detail. Finally, the paper points out that electromagnetic manipulation will have a broad application future in the field of radar electromagnetic countermeasure and radar target feature control due to its natural advantages.

Key words: radar echo, electromagnetic manipulation, corner reflector, radar absorbing materials, Van Atta array