低轨增强/GNSS信号捕获一体化方法研究

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.10.27

Abstract

Abstract:

Enhancing the performance of the Global Navigation Satellite System （GNSS） based on low Earth orbit （LEO） satellite augmentation system has become one of the current research hotspots. This paper proposes an acquisition method for LEO augmentation signal that is compatible with GNSS signal, which helps reduce the receiver cost. Theoretical derivations of Doppler frequency offset and Doppler rate characteristics for receiving LEO navigation augmentation signal on the ground are presented. The paper analyzes the configuration of parameters in the acquisition of LEO signal by combining short-time correlation with fast Fourier transform. The simulation analysis of the acquisition sensitivity performance of LEO augmentation signal is conducted, with the constraint that the intermediate frequency storage hardware of the GNSS acquisition engine remains unchanged. Acquisition configuration schemes for both strong and weak signals are provided. For strong satellite searches, the acquisition performance of two schemes, separate low-speed data component and combined low-speed data component with high-speed data component, are compared. For weak signal searches, the acquisition parameter configurations for 100 ms and 300 ms are compared, and the acquisition sensitivity of the LEO navigation augmentation signals are provided without increasing the hardware resource consumption of the GNSS acquisition engine. This achieves excellent acquisition compatibility and sensitivity performance.

Key words: low Earth orbit （LEO） navigation augmentation system, signal compatibility acquisition, short-time correlation, high sensitivity acquisition

CLC Number:

TN 967.1

Xiaohui BA, Zhekai XU, Dongwei HU, Baigen CAI, Jian WANG, Wei JIANG, Jiang LIU, Debiao LU, Kun LIANG, Linguo CHAI. Integration acquisition method of low earth orbit augmentation signal and GNSS signal[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2025, 47(10): 3433-3445.

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References 33

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卫星参数	LEO1	LEO2	GPS	BDS
轨道高度/km	500	1 000	20 192	21 500
轨道半径/km	6 868	7 368	26 560	27 868
运行周期/s	5 664	6 294	43 079	46 300
载波频率采用L波段的最大多普勒/Hz	37 119	33 405	4881	4541
载波频率采用Ka波段的最大多普勒/Hz	706 840	636 120	—	—
载波频率采用L波段的最大一阶多普勒变化率/（Hz·s⁻¹）	566	246	0.94	0.80
载波频率采用Ka波段的最大一阶多普勒变化率/（Hz·s⁻¹）	10 769	4 679	—	—

信号	$ \Delta f $/Hz	$ {f}_{{\mathrm{code}}} $/MHz	T/ms
LEO1	37 119	2.046	10
LEO2	33 405	2.046	12
GPS L1C/A	4 881	1.023	158
BDS B1I	4 541	2.046	85

$ {T}_{{\mathrm{p}}} $/ms	$ \Delta f $/Hz	T/ms
1/2	[−500,500]	385
1/3	[−750,750]	257
1/6	[−1500,1500]	128
1/22	[−5500,5500]	35
1/30	[−7500,7500]	26

方案	捕获方案	$ {T}_{{\mathrm{p}}} $/ms	中频数据时长/ms	主频点数	单频点频率搜素范围/Hz	总分段数	非相干累加次数
方案一	BPSK	1/22	8	9	±5500	22	4
方案二	BPSK+CSK	1/22	8	9	±5500	22	8
方案三	BPSK	1/6	100（由于时分复用，实际只有 50 ms的BPSK调制数据）	33	±1500	6	50
方案四	BPSK	1/2	300（由于时分复用，实际只有 150 ms的BPSK调制数据）	101	±500	2	150

主频点序号	主频点频率/Hz
1	−44688
2	−33516
3	−22344
4	−11172
5	0
6	11172
7	22344
8	33516
9	44688

Integration acquisition method of low earth orbit augmentation signal and GNSS signal

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主频点序号	主频点频率/Hz	主频点序号	主频点频率/Hz	主频点序号	主频点频率/Hz
1	−48752	12	−15235	23	18282
2	−45705	13	−12188	24	21329
3	−42658	14	−9141	25	24376
4	−39611	15	−6094	26	27423
5	−36564	16	−3047	27	30470
6	−33517	17	0	28	33517
7	−30470	18	3047	29	36564
8	−27423	19	6094	30	39611
9	−24376	20	9141	31	42658
10	−21329	21	12188	32	45705
11	−18282	22	15235	33	48752

信号	$ {T}_{{\mathrm{p}}} $/ms	$ {T}_{{\mathrm{coh}}} $/ms	单频点频率搜素范围/Hz	总分段数	非相干累加次数	总数据量/ms
GPS L1C/A	1/3	20	±750	60	30	600
L1C	1/6	10	±1500	60	28	280
L2C	1/3	20	±750	60	30	600
BDS B1I	1/3	20	±750	60	14	280
BDS B1C	1/6	10	±1500	60	28	280
GLONASS L1OF	1/6	10	±1500	60	28	280
Galileo E1B/C	1/11	4	±2750	44	73	292
GLONASS L1OC	1/6	8	±1500	48	36	288
GLONASS L3OC	1/11	1	±2750	11	61	61
低轨增强BPSK	1/22	1	±5500	22	4	8
低轨增强BPSK+CSK	1/22	1	±5500	22	8	8
低轨增强BPSK	1/6	1	±1500	6	50	100
低轨增强BPSK	1/2	1	±500	2	150	300

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