高轨导航接收机信号快速重捕算法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.06.25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对高轨导航接收机信号失锁后的快速重捕问题，提出利用码相位和多普勒频率之间的约束关系来压缩频率搜索范围的快速重捕算法。首先，分析在轨道外推和时间同步技术辅助下接收机信号重捕时的信号搜索范围。然后，研究接收机位置误差与速度误差变化规律，发现二者之间存在显著的线性相关性。最后，基于这一线性相关性推导码相位和频率之间的约束关系，进一步压缩频率搜索范围。仿真结果显示，在失锁1800 s后进行信号重捕，每个码相位搜索单元对应的待搜索频率范围可缩减至原来的40%以内，并且有效提高了信号捕获算法的运行效率。

关键词: 高轨导航接收机, 信号重捕, 线性相关, 频率范围压缩

Abstract:

For the problem of rapid signal recapture in high Earth orbit navigation receivers after loss of lock, a fast re-capture algorithm that uses the constraint relationship between code phase and Doppler frequency to compress the frequency search range is proposed. Firstly, the signal search range for receiver signal re-capture with the aid of orbit propagator and time synchronization technologies is analyzed. Then, the variation laws of receiver position error and velocity error are investigated, and a significant linear correlation between them is found. Finally, based on this linear correlation, the constraint relationship between code phase and frequency is derived, further compressing the frequency search range. Simulation results show that when recapturing signals after loss of lock for 1 800 s, the frequency range to be searched corresponding to each code phase search unit can be reduced to less than 40% of the original, and the operation efficiency of the signal acquisition algorithm is effectively improved.

Key words: high Earth orbit navigation receiver, signal recapture, linear correlation, frequency range compression

中图分类号:

TN 967.1

张春杰, 葛建. 高轨导航接收机信号快速重捕算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2026, 48(6): 2052-2063.

Chunjie ZHANG, Jian GE. Fast signal recapture algorithm for high Earth orbit navigation receiver[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(6): 2052-2063.

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轨道参数	GEO	HEO
半长轴/km	42164.1	35937.5
离心率	0	0.8087
轨道倾角/(°)	0	63.4
升交点赤经/(°)	0	0
近地点辐角/(°)	21.5	270
真近点角/(°)	0	0

轨道类型	卫星数量	轨道倾角/(°)	轨道高度/km
IGSO	3	55	35786
MEO	23	55	21528

码相位搜索单元/m	频率范围/Hz	频率搜索范围压缩率/%	码相位搜索单元/m	频率范围/Hz	频率搜索范围压缩率/%
0	[−2.46，2.46]	42.7	—	—	—
146.53	[−2.88，2.03]	42.6	−146.53	[−2.03，2.88]	42.6
293.06	[−3.29，1.59]	42.3	−293.06	[−1.59，3.29]	42.3
439.59	[−3.70，1.15]	42.1	−439.59	[−1.15，3.70]	42.1
586.12	[−4.10，0.71]	41.8	−586.12	[−0.71，4.10]	41.8
732.65	[−4.49，0.25]	41.1	−732.65	[−0.25，4.49]	41.1
879.18	[−4.88，−0.21]	40.5	−879.18	[0.21，4.88]	40.5
1 025.71	[−5.26，−0.68]	39.7	−1 025.71	[0.68，5.26]	39.7
1 172.24	[−5.62，−1.16]	38.7	−1 172.24	[1.16，5.62]	38.7
1 318.77	[−5.97，−1.65]	37.5	−1 318.77	[1.65，5.97]	37.5
1 465.30	[−6.31，−2.15]	36.1	−1 465.30	[2.15，6.31]	36.1
1 611.83	[−6.61，−2.68]	34.1	−1 611.83	[2.68，6.61]	34.1
1 758.36	[−6.88，−3.22]	31.8	−1 758.36	[3.22，6.88]	31.8
1 904.89	[−7.00，−3.81]	27.7	−1 904.89	[3.81，7.00]	27.7

卫星编号	伪距误差真值/m	多普勒频率误差真值/Hz	所属码相位搜索单元/m	对应的频率搜索范围/Hz
19	1 493.2	−3.60	1 465.3	[−6.31，−2.15]
20	1 100.0	−2.29	1 172.24	[−5.59，−1.19]
23	530.4	−0.83	586.12	[−3.87，0.47]
27	656.3	−0.59	586.12	[−4.04，0.64]
28	150.9	0.86	146.53	[−2.90，2.05]
29	1 488.8	−3.59	1 465.3	[−6.14，−2.34]
30	1 145.0	−2.21	1 172.24	[−5.50，−1.29]
32	598.6	−0.77	586.12	[−3.98，0.59]
33	50.0	0.65	0	[−1.98，1.98]
35	1 533.2	−4.18	1 465.3	[−6.04，−2.46]
36	1 134.0	−2.43	1 172.24	[−5.46，−1.33]
37	775.4	−1.46	732.65	[−4.25，−0.01]
38	1 369.4	−3.57	1 318.77	[−5.70，−1.95]
39	1 473.6	−3.72	1 465.3	[−5.97，−2.53]
40	1 523.7	−3.61	1 465.3	[−6.10，−2.39]
41	182.4	0.40	1 46.53	[−2.62，1.77]