基于交替方向乘子法的雷达目标多频段多视角融合高分辨成像算法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.01.09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对综合利用不同频带、不同视角的雷达回波数据实现更高分辨率清晰图像的问题，提出一种基于交替方向乘子法的雷达目标多频段多视角融合高分辨成像算法。首先构建多频段多视角的信号稀疏表示模型，然后利用交替方向乘子法对该信号稀疏表示问题进行求解，最后获得超带宽和大相干积累角度的雷达回波信号，从而得到比单雷达系统更高分辨率的雷达图像。交替方向乘子法的稀疏正则化机制通过鼓励解的稀疏性，能够自动忽略背景中的低强度、随机性或分散的杂波信号，从而有效抑制背景杂波，实现成像质量的增强。以简单多球模型及复杂舰船模型为例，从重构精度与抗噪性能两方面出发，分析所提方法与目前常用重构算法对于实现多频段多视角融合高分辨成像的影响。结果表明，所提方法在低信噪比环境下仍可准确重建目标散射点，并保持较高成像分辨率，验证了方法的有效性与抗噪性。

关键词: 交替方向乘子法, 多频段多视角融合, 信号稀疏表示, 高分辨成像

Abstract:

To address the challenge of effectively integrating radar echo data from different frequency bands and viewing angles to achieve higher-resolution and clearer images, a high-resolution radar imaging algorithm based on the alternating direction method of multipliers （ADMM） for multi-band and multi-angle data fusion is proposed. First, a sparse representation model is constructed for the multi-band and multi-angle radar signals. Then, the sparse reconstruction problem is solved by using ADMM. Finally, radar echo signals with ultra-wide bandwidth and large coherent accumulation angles are obtained, enabling the generation of radar images with significantly higher resolution compared to those produced by a single radar system. In addition, the sparse regularization mechanism of ADMM encourages sparsity in the solution, which allows it to automatically suppress low-intensity, random, or dispersed clutter signals in the background. This effectively enhances imaging quality by reducing background clutter. Taking simple multi-sphere models and complex ship models as examples, the impact of the proposed method and commonly used reconstruction algorithms on achieving high-resolution imaging through multi-band and multi-view fusion is analysed from two aspects: reconstruction accuracy and noise resistance. The results show that the proposed method can accurately reconstruct target scattering points in low signal-to-noise ratio environments and maintain high imaging resolution, verifying the effectiveness and noise resistance of the method.

Key words: alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), multi-band and multi-view fusion, signal sparse representation, high-resolution imaging

中图分类号:

TN957.52

李璇, 仲健豪, 何姿, 樊振宏, 丁大志. 基于交替方向乘子法的雷达目标多频段多视角融合高分辨成像算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2026, 48(1): 87-93.

Xuan LI, Jianhao ZHONG, Zi HE, Zhenhong FAN, Dazhi DING. High-resolution imaging algorithm using multi-band and multi-view fusion technique based on alternating directions method of multipliers[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(1): 87-93.

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参数	雷达1	雷达2	全频带雷达
带宽/GHz	10~10.8	13.2~14	10~14
方位角度/（°）	−5~ −1.5	1.5~5	−5~5
俯仰角度/（°）	60	60	60

参数	雷达1	雷达2	全频带雷达
带宽/GHz	6~6.825	9.175~10	6~10
方位角度/（°）	85~88.6	91.3~95	85~95
俯仰角度/（°）	80	80	80

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