复杂环境分布式相参雷达无线频率同步方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.12.09

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (12): 4078-4083.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.12.09

• 传感器与信号处理 • 上一篇

复杂环境分布式相参雷达无线频率同步方法

王楠¹^,², 罗勇江¹^,*, 杨家利³, 柏宇航¹

1. 西安电子科技大学电子工程学院，陕西西安 710071
2. 西安中电科西电科大雷达技术协同创新研究院有限公司，陕西西安 710071
3. 西安电子科技大学杭州研究院，浙江杭州 311231

收稿日期:2024-12-19 修回日期:2025-02-24 出版日期:2025-03-25 发布日期:2025-03-25
通讯作者: 罗勇江
作者简介:王　楠（1994—），男，工程师，博士研究生，主要研究方向为雷达信号与信息处理、分布式雷达
杨家利（1995—），男，博士，主要研究方向为自适应信号处理、分数阶信号处理
柏宇航（2000—），男，博士研究生，主要研究方向为自适应信号处理、分数阶信号处理

Wireless frequency synchronization method for distributed coherent aperture radar in complex environments

Nan WANG¹^,², Yongjiang LUO¹^,*, Jiali YANG³, Yuhang BAI¹

1. School of Electronic Engineering，Xidian University，Xi’an 710071，China
2. Radar Technology Collaborative Innovation Research Institute Co.，Ltd，Xi'an 710071，China
3. Hangzhou Institute of Research，Xidian University，Hangzhou 311231，China

Received:2024-12-19 Revised:2025-02-24 Online:2025-03-25 Published:2025-03-25
Contact: Yongjiang LUO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为避免分布式相参雷达系统的无线同步链路在复杂环境中受到多径以及噪声的影响，降低频率偏差测量误差，实现节点间高性能的频率同步，提出一种主从方式的频率偏差测量架构，通过主节点发射、从节点接收特定波形信号，实现节点间频率偏差的测量。以线性调频周期脉冲信号作为同步波形，充分利用波形在相关处理后具备抑制噪声以及分离多径信号的特性，采用二维相干方法解算频率偏差，实现系统频率同步，并推导给出所提方法实现频率同步的性能界限与同步波形参数的量化关系。仿真结果表明，所提方法在仅噪声条件下可以达到理论界限的频率同步性能，并且相较正交频分复用通信系统的频率同步方法，所提方法在复杂环境下的性能更优。

关键词: 分布式相参雷达, 无线频率同步, 频率偏差测量, 无线同步链路

Abstract:

To avoid the influence of multipath and noise on the wireless synchronization link of the distributed coherent aperture radar system in complex environments, and to reduce the frequency deviation measurement error to achieve high-performance frequency synchronization between nodes, a master-slave frequency deviation measurement architecture is proposed. By transmitting specific waveform signals from the master node and receiving them at the slave node, the frequency deviation between nodes can be measured. Linear frequency-modulated periodic pulse signals is used as the synchronization waveform, fully utilizing the waveform’s characteristics of noise suppression and multipath signal separation after correlation processing. A two-dimensional coherent method is adopted to calculate the frequency deviation, achieving system frequency synchronization. The performance limits of the proposed method for frequency synchronization is derived and the relationship between the synchronization waveform parameters is quantified. Simulation results show that the proposed method can achieve the theoretical limit of frequency synchronization performance under the noise-only conditions. Compared with the frequency synchronization methods in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing communication systems, the proposed method performs better in complex environments.

Key words: distributed coherent aperture radar (DCAR), wireless frequency synchronization, frequency deviation measurement, wireless synchronous link

中图分类号:

TN 952

王楠, 罗勇江, 杨家利, 柏宇航. 复杂环境分布式相参雷达无线频率同步方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2025, 47(12): 4078-4083.

Nan WANG, Yongjiang LUO, Jiali YANG, Yuhang BAI. Wireless frequency synchronization method for distributed coherent aperture radar in complex environments[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2025, 47(12): 4078-4083.

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参数	说明
测量节点相对频率偏差η	−4×10⁻⁸
射频工作频点/GHz	10
节点间距/m	150
信号形式	线性调频脉冲信号
信号脉宽τ/μs	5
脉冲信号带宽B/MHz	8
脉冲重复周期PRT/μs	50
采样率/MHz	20
脉冲数N	128
信噪比/dB	−20~30
OFDM传输符号	4-相移键控调制
OFDM子载波数	52
OFDM的FFT长度	64
OFDM循环前缀	16
OFDM导频间隔	6

多径类型	信号参数	说明
α型长时延多径	数量	10
	幅度	0.1~0.3 （均匀分布）
	时延（＞1/B）/μs	1.3~2.3 （均匀分布）
β型短时延快变化多径	数量	10
	幅度	0.1~0.3 （均匀分布）
	时延（＜1/B）/μs	0~1.25 （均匀分布）
	相位	0~2π （均匀分布）
γ型短时延慢变化多径	数量	10
	幅度	0.1~0.3 （均匀分布）
	时延（＜1/B）/μs	0~1.25 （均匀分布）
	相位	0

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复杂环境分布式相参雷达无线频率同步方法

Wireless frequency synchronization method for distributed coherent aperture radar in complex environments

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