结合协方差矩阵平滑与特征值熵估计的信源数估计方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.10.05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对阵列测向中接收信号为小样本，观测信号混叠色噪声，且入射信号存在相干性的情况下，缺乏有效信源数估计方法的问题，提出结合协方差矩阵平滑与特征值熵估计的阵列测向信源数估计方法。首先计算接收信号协方差矩阵的特征值，然后对特征值序列进行前后向空间平滑处理，最后结合特征值的熵估计实现信源数的估计。通过系列仿真实验，验证了所提方法适用于天线阵元数与信号采样点数在同一量级或多于后者，信号相干且混叠色噪声下的信源数估计之中。所提方法可为解决复杂环境下的阵列测向提供准确的信源数输入。

关键词: 信源数估计, 信号相干, 色噪声, 协方差矩阵平滑, 特征值熵估计

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of in array direction finding, small sample sizes of received signals, observe the signal overlapping colored noise, and coherence of incident signals in lacking effective methods for estimating the number of signal sources in the presence of coherence in the incident signal a array direction finding source number estimation method combining covariance matrix smoothing and entropy estimation of eigenvalues is proposed. The method first calculates the eigenvalues of the received signal covariance matrix, then performs forward and backward spatial smoothing on the eigenvalue sequence, and finally combines the calculation of eigenvalue entropy to estimate the number of sources. By a serials of experiments, it’s validated that the proposed method can be applied to source number estimation in scenarios where the number of array elements is of the same order of magnitude as or greater than the number of signal samples, and signals are coherent with overlapping colored noise. The proposed method can provide accurate source number inputs for solving array direction finding in complex environments.

Key words: source number estimation, coherence of signals, colored noise, covariance matrix smoothing, entropy estimation of eigenvalues

中图分类号:

TN 911

王川川, 王满喜, 韩慧, 陆科宇, 张媛. 结合协方差矩阵平滑与特征值熵估计的信源数估计方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2026, 48(10): 3320-3329.

Chuanchuan Wang, Manxi Wang, Hui Han, Keyu Lu, Yuan Zhang. Source number estimation method combining covariance matrix smoothing and entropy estimation of eigenvalues[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(10): 3320-3329.

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