基于平面阵与双侧回波的SAS运动估计方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.04.01

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (4): 1103-1111.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.04.01

• 电子技术 •

基于平面阵与双侧回波的SAS运动估计方法

吴金策¹^,²(), 黄勇³^,*()

1. 中国科学院声学研究所海洋声学技术实验室，北京 100190
2. 中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院，北京 100049
3. 浙江大学宁波“五位一体”校区教育发展中心，浙江宁波 315100

收稿日期:2025-01-08 修回日期:2025-01-30 接受日期:2026-03-16 出版日期:2025-05-23 发布日期:2025-05-23
通讯作者: 黄勇 E-mail:wujince@mail.ioa.ac.cn;y_huang@mail.ioa.ac.cn
作者简介:吴金策（1988—），男，博士研究生，主要研究方向为海洋声学技术与声信号处理、高分辨水下声成像
基金资助:
中国科学院重点部署项目(KGFZD-145-22-06-02)资助课题

SAS motion estimation method based on planar array and dual-sided echo

Jince WU¹^,²(), Yong HUANG³^,*()

1. Laboratory of Ocean Acoustic Technology，Institute of Acoustics，Chinese Academy of Science，Beijing 100190，China
2. School of Electronic，Electrical and Communication Engineering，University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China
3. Ningbo “Five-in-One” Campus Education Development Center，Zhejiang University，Ningbo 315100，China

Received:2025-01-08 Revised:2025-01-30 Accepted:2026-03-16 Online:2025-05-23 Published:2025-05-23
Contact: Yong HUANG E-mail:wujince@mail.ioa.ac.cn;y_huang@mail.ioa.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于走停走与平坦海底假设，联合双侧回波的运动估计可获得闭式解，在一定条件下性能良好。但该假设存在较强局限性，在非平坦水底条件下性能明显下降。针对这一问题，本文采用每侧均为平面阵换能器的方案，先采用高分辨方位估计技术估计出水底回波方向，再结合此信息与双侧相位中心时延估计值，分别使用改进闭式方解和联合双侧回波的非线性最小二乘方法进行运动估计。此外，对走停走假设对所提方法的影响也进行了分析。仿真表明，所提方法在非平坦海底条件下仍具有良好性能，经修正后走停走假设对运动估计引入的升沉偏差也可大幅减小。

关键词: 合成孔径声纳, 运动估计, 重叠相位中心, 双侧回波, 平面阵

Abstract:

Based on the assumptions of stop-and-go and flat seafloor, the motion estimation method using dual-sided echo can achieve a closed-form solution with good performance under certain conditions. However, these assumptions have strong limitations and the performance declines under non-flat seafloor situation. To address this issue, this paper adopts a scheme with planar array transducer on both sides. It first estimates the direction of the seafloor echo using a high resolution direction of arrival method and then combines this information with the time delay estimation of the bilateral redundant phase center, using an improved closed-form method and modified nonlinear least squares（NLLS） for motion compensation. In addition, the impact of the stop-and-go assumption on the proposed method is also analyzed. The simulation results show that the proposed methods have a wider adaptability and can perform well even under non-flat seafloor conditions. After proper correction, the negative impact of the stop-and-go assumption can also be significantly reduced.

Key words: synthetic aperture sonar(SAS), motion estimation, redundant phase center(RPC), dual-sided echo, planar array

中图分类号:

TN 911.7

吴金策, 黄勇. 基于平面阵与双侧回波的SAS运动估计方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2026, 48(4): 1103-1111.

Jince WU, Yong HUANG. SAS motion estimation method based on planar array and dual-sided echo[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(4): 1103-1111.

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基于平面阵与双侧回波的SAS运动估计方法

SAS motion estimation method based on planar array and dual-sided echo

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