联合失配滤波器的近区低旁瓣混沌波形设计算法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.08.09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在雷达探测领域，由于线性调频(linear frequency modulation, LFM)信号近主瓣区的较高旁瓣电平，强目标旁瓣对弱目标的遮盖现象使得传统雷达对这类弱目标的检测能力大幅下降。对于这一问题，提出一种混沌波形近主瓣区低旁瓣的优化方法。该方法在保持混沌波形优秀的抗截获和抗干扰能力的基础上，结合混沌波形较低的旁瓣电平的特性，充分利用双混沌信号设计的频谱特性和失配滤波器时频自由度来调整脉冲压缩后信号的能量分布。仿真结果表明，所设计的混沌波形具有比较好的距离分辨率，并且经失配滤波器脉冲压缩后的近主瓣区的旁瓣电平达到较低水平，对检测距离相近情况下的弱目标具有一定意义。

关键词: 弱目标检测, 低旁瓣, 混沌信号, 波形设计, 失配滤波器

Abstract:

In the field of radar detection, due to the high sidelobe level of linear frequency modulation （LFM） signals near mainlobe, the strong target sidelobes cover the weak targets, which greatly reduces the detection ability of traditional radar for such weak targets. To solve this problem, an optimization method for low sidelobes near the mainlobe of chaotic waveform is proposed. On the basis of the excellent anti-interception and anti-interference ability of chaotic waveform, this method combines the characteristics of low sidelobe level of chaotic waveform, and fully utilizes the spectral characteristics of the dual chaotic signal design and the time-frequency degrees of freedom of the mismatched filter to adjust the energy distribution of the pulse compressed signal. Simulation results show that the designed chaotic waveform has good range resolution, and the sidelobe level in the near mainlobe region after pulse compression by the mismatched filter reaches a low level. It has certain significance for detecting weak targets in close proximity situations.

Key words: weak target detection, low sidelobe, chaotic signal, waveform design, mismatched filter

中图分类号:

TN 959.1

罗颖聪, 张磊, 魏少鹏, 孟智超. 联合失配滤波器的近区低旁瓣混沌波形设计算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2025, 47(8): 2511-2518.

Yingcong LUO, Lei ZHANG, Shaopeng WEI, Zhichao MENG. Joint design algorithm using chaotic waveform and mismatched filter for low sidelobe near mainlobe region[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2025, 47(8): 2511-2518.

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参数名称	参数数值
时宽$ {T_{{p}}} $/μs	10
带宽$ {B_{{w}}} $/MHz	100
频谱延拓周期$ {{{f}}_{{\rm{step}}}} $/MHz	20
频谱延拓次数$ {N_s} $	5
频谱合成权重	[0.2828,0.7348,1,0.7348,0.2828]

参数名称	参数数值
权重$ {\lambda _1} $	3
权重$ {\lambda _2} $	1
峰值电平${b_{{\rm{max}}} }$	Ne−1/20
迭代次数	20000
近区旁瓣范围/m	40

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