基于分布式SDN的机动通信系统拓扑发现方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.01.40

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对目前传统机动通信系统、主流软件定义网络(software defined network, SDN)的拓扑发现方法不适合基于分布式SDN的机动通信系统这一问题, 遵循OpenFlow拓扑发现算法(OpenFlow discovery protocol, OFDP)移植传输控制协议/网际协议(transmission control protocol/Internet protocol, TCP/IP)相关协议到SDN网络的研究思路, 对开放最短路径优先(open shortest path first, OSPF)协议进行优化, 精简协议状态机、优化协议报文、增加协议功能并设计拓扑发现算法, 提出一种适合基于分布式SDN的机动通信系统的拓扑发现方法, 并搭建仿真实验平台进行验证。实验结果表明, 优化后OSPF协议适应于分布式SDN网络, 网络拓扑建链时间降低80%且重新收敛时间显著降低, 建链开销平均每秒接收字节数、发送字节数分别下降了31.7%和21.5%, 维持开销平均每秒收发字节数降低了45%, 增加了收集信道种类等网络信息的新功能。

关键词: 拓扑发现, 开放最短路径优先协议, 分布式软件定义网络, 机动通信系统

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem that topology discovery methods of traditional mobile communication systems and mainstream software defined network (SDN) are not suitable for mobile communication systems based on distributed SDN, following the research idea of porting transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) family to SDN based on OpenFlow discovery protocol (OFDP), the open shortest path first (OSPF) protocol is optimized to simplify state machines, optimize packets, increase functions, and design the topology discovery algorithm. A topology discovery method suitable for mobile communication systems based on distributed SDN is proposed, and a simulation experiment platform is built for verification. The results show that the optimized OSPF is suitable for distributed SDN network, the network topology establishment time is reduced by 80% and the recovery time is significantly reduced. The average number of received bytes per second and sent bytes per second of the establishment cost are decreased by 31.7% and 21.5% and the average number of sent and received bytes per second of the maintenance cost is reduced by 45%. New functions for network statuses are added such as collecting channel types.

Key words: topology discovery, open shortest path first (OSPF) protocol, distributed software defined network (SDN), mobile communication system

中图分类号:

TP393.1

朱宇昂, 赵亚丽, 赫佳峦, 张晨光, 吴朝军, 贾晓晓. 基于分布式SDN的机动通信系统拓扑发现方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 46(1): 357-365.

Yuang ZHU, Yali ZHAO, Jialuan HE, Chenguang ZHANG, Chaojun WU, Xiaoxiao JIA. Topology discovery method for mobile communication systems based on distributed SDN[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 46(1): 357-365.

图/表 29

图1

表1

表2

图2

图3

表3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表4

图8

图9

表5

图10

图11

表6

图12

图13

图14

图15

图16

图17

图18

图19

图20

图21

表7

图22

参考文献 30

1	顾庆峰. 应急机动通信系统设计及应用[D]. 广州: 华南理工大学, 2012.
	GU Q F. Design and application of emergency mobile communication system[D]. Guangzhou: South China University of Technology, 2012.
2	MCKEOWN N , ANDERSON T , BALAKRISHNAN H , et al. OpenFlow enabling innovation in campus networks[J]. Computer Communication Review, 2008, 38 (2): 69- 74. doi: 10.1145/1355734.1355746
3	Software-defined networking the new norm for networks[S]. https://opennetworking.org/sdn-resources/whitepapers/software-defined-networking-the-new-norm-for-networks/.
4	ALMADANI B , BEG A , MAHMOUD A . DSF: a distributed SDN control plane framework for the east/west interface[J]. IEEE Access, 2021, 9, 26735- 26754. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3057690
5	黄韬, 刘江, 汪硕, 等. 未来网络技术与发展趋势综述[J]. 通信学报, 2021, 42 (1): 130- 150.
	HUANG T , LIU J , WANG S , et al. Overview of future network technology and development trends[J]. Journal on Communications, 2021, 42 (1): 130- 150.
6	ZHANG J , HUANG T , WANG S , et al. Future internet: trends and challenges[J]. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 2019, 20 (9): 1185- 1195.
7	DO H M , GREGORY M A , LI S . SDN-based wireless mobile backhaul architecture: review and challenges[J]. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2021, 189, 103138. doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2021.103138
8	蔡宁, 韩言妮, 安伟, 等. 分布式SDN控制器放置问题研究[J]. 信息安全学报, 2021, 6 (2): 46- 72.
	CAI N , HAN Y N , AN W , et al. Research on distributed SDN controller placement[J]. Journal of Cyber Security, 2021, 6 (2): 46- 72.
9	邓复城. 机动通信场景中基于SDN的多控制器系统设计与实现[D]. 重庆: 重庆邮电大学, 2019.
	DENG F C. Design and implementation of multi-controller system based on SDN in mobile communication scenarios[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2019.
10	彭长振, 杜海燕, 徐清宇, 等. 对军事移动通信网中网络拓扑发现方法的分析[J]. 火力与指挥控制, 2014, 39 (S1): 107- 109.
	PENG C Z , DU H Y , XV Q Y , et al. Analysis of network topology discovery method in military mobile communication network[J]. Fire Control & Command Control, 2014, 39 (S1): 107- 109.
11	GUDE N , KOPONEN T , PETTIT J , et al. NOX: towards an operating system for networks[J]. ACM Sigcomm Computer Communication Review, 2008, 38 (3): 105- 110. doi: 10.1145/1384609.1384625
12	PAKZAD F, PORTMANN M, TAN W L, et al. Efficient topology discovery in software defined networks[C]//Proc. of the 8th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems, 2014.
13	ROJAS E , ALVAREZ-HORCAJO J , MARTINEZ-YELMO I , et al. TEDP: an enhanced topology discovery service for software-defined networking[J]. IEEE Communications Letters, 2018, 22 (8): 1540- 1543. doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2018.2845372
14	LEONARDO O A, CRISTINA C P, ADRIANA F F, et al. A distributed algorithm for topology discovery in software-defined networks[C]//Proc. of the International Conference on Practical Applications of Agents & Multi-agent Systems, 2016.
15	LEONARDO O A , CRISTINA C P , ADRIANA F F . eTDP: enhanced topology discovery protocol for software-defined networks[J]. IEEE Access, 2019, 7, 23471- 23487. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2899653
16	董帅, 张安琳, 黄道颖, 等. 基于OpenFlow的SDN中链路层拓扑发现的优化[J]. 火力与指挥控制, 2020, 45 (8): 148- 153.
	DONG S , ZHANG A L , HUANG D Y , et al. Optimization of link layer topology discovery in SDN based on OpenFlow[J]. Fire Control & Command Control, 2020, 45 (8): 148- 153.
17	AZZOUNI A, TRANG N, BOUTABA R, et al. Limitations of OpenFlow topology discovery protocol[C]//Proc. of the 16th Annual Mediterranean Ad Hoc Networking Workshop, 2017.
18	AZZOUNI A, BOUTABA R, TRANG N, et al. sOFTDP: secure and efficient OpenFlow topology discovery protocol[C]// Proc. of the IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium, 2018.
19	NEHRA A , TRIPATHI M , GAUR M S , et al. SLDP: a secure and lightweight link discovery protocol for software defined networking[J]. Computer Networks, 2018, 150 (26): 102- 116.
20	CHOI J S. A hybrid topology discovery protocol for mobile backhaul[C]//Proc. of the Communications & Networking Symposium, 2013.
21	KOST'ALOVA A, RIBEIRO T T, CONCEICAO A. Communication faults in robot formation control: a reconfigurable spanning tree approach[C]//Proc. of the International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence, 2017.
22	MA X, XIA G. Autonomous system network topology discovery algorithm based on OSPF protocol[C]//Proc. of the 3rd International Conference on Material, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering the Internet-Engineering Task Force, 2015.
23	RFC 2328. OSPF version 2[S]. The Internet-Engineering Task Force. https://opennetworking.org/sdn-resources/whitepapers/software-defined-networking-the-new-norm-for-networks/.
24	BACCELLI E, FUERTES J, JACQUET P. Multi-point relaying techniques with OSPF on ad hoc networks[C]//Proc. of the International Conference on Systems & Networks Communications, 2009.
25	KHANG T Y, ARUN K C. Performance evaluation of wireless routing protocols: RIP vs OSPF[C]//Proc. of the 14th Interna tional Conference on Developments in Systems Engineering, 2021: 541-545.
26	TAO J, YUAN R B, LIU Q Q, et al. Research and implementation of a network based on SDN and multi area OSPF protocol[C]// Proc. of the IEEE 9th International Conference on Information, Communication and Networks, 2021: 134-138.
27	REGO A , SENDRA S , JIMENEZ J M , et al. Dynamic metric OSPF-based routing protocol for software defined networks[J]. Cluster Computing, 2019, 22 (3): 705- 720. doi: 10.1007/s10586-018-2875-7
28	RATHI V K , SINGH K . SDN layer 2 switch simulation using mininet and OpenDayLight[J]. System and Architecture, 2018, 732, 319- 327.
29	MEDVED J, VARGA R, TKACIK A, et al. OpenDaylight: towards a model-driven SDN controller architecture[C]//Proc. of the IEEE 15th International Symposium on "A World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks", 2014.
30	TROIA S, ZORELLO L, MARALIT A J, et al. SD -WAN: an open-source implementation for enterprise networking services[C]// Proc. of the International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks, 2020.

状态S_i	定义
Down	初始状态, 没有从邻居收到信息
Init	收到邻居Hello包, 但邻居列表没有自己
2-Way	邻居列表有自己, 与邻居达到双向通讯
ExStart	开始建立邻接, 确定主从关系、DD序列号
Exchange	与邻接交换DD包, 通过LSR包请求更新
Loading	与邻接交换LSA
Full	达到完全邻接状态

事件E_j	触发条件D_k
HelloReceived	从某邻居接收到Hello包
2-WayReceived	从某邻居接收到的Hello包包含自身
NegotiationDone	已经协商好主从关系, 已经交换了DD序号
ExchangeDone	邻接双方已经交换过DD包
LoadingDone	LSDB更新完成, LSR列表为空
AdjOK？	某接口的指定路由器或备份指定路由器发生了改变
SeqNumber Mismatch	DD包序列号出现错误
1-Way	从某邻居接收到的Hello包不包括自身
BadLSReq	收到的LSR包含不存在与数据库的LSA
KillNbr	强制转换邻居转态为Down
InactivityTimer	邻居触发非活跃计时器, 强制转换邻居转态为Down
LLDown	邻居不可达, 强制转换邻居转态为Down

字段	含义解释
路由器标识	生成此包的路由器上最大/最小IP地址
区域标识	此包属于的区域标识, 一般是子网IP
验证类型	此包被验证的方式
验证域	此包被验证的内容

关键字段	解释
链路状态时限/LS Age	从该LSA生成开始的秒数
链路状态序列号/ LS Seq Number	用于判定LSA的新旧
网络类型	01表示点对点网络, 10代表广播网络
距离花费	信道连接的距离值
信道种类	000:超短波, 001:卫星, 010:区宽, 011:被复线, 100:光纤;
信道带宽/Bandwidth	存储模100得到的余数, 单位Mb
连接对象/LinkID	该LSA连接目标节点的节点标识
出发节点LinkData	该LSA出发节点的节点标识

工具名称	版本号	实验用途
OpenDayLight	sodium	开源SDN控制器, 用于部署拓扑发现算法
OpenvSwitch	2.11.7	开源虚拟交换机软件, 用于模拟SDN交换机
Docker	18.09	为分布式SDN控制器提供虚拟隔离环境
Cisio Packet Tracer	8.0	模拟传统网络环境并运行OSPF
Postman	9.25.1	调用SDN接口, 获取统计信息
Wireshark	3.6.1	抓取网络协议包, 分析网络流量
VMware Workstation Pro	16.0	为OpenvSwitch、Docker、Open DayLight等提供Linux运行环境
Windows11	22000.795	为其他工具提供windows运行环境