面向多主瓣干扰的波形与滤波器联合认知设计方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.11.09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

多主瓣干扰在空时频等维度上与雷达目标回波高度重合, 严重削弱了雷达探测性能。针对切片组合(chopping and interleaving, C&I)、间歇采样直接转发干扰、间歇采样重复转发干扰同时并存的问题, 提出了一种基于发射波形与接收滤波器联合优化的抗多主瓣干扰方法。首先, 基于恒模相位编码信号, 构建了C&I、间歇采样直接转发干扰、间歇采样重复转发干扰信号模型。然后, 在干扰参数完全已知或者存在偏差条件下, 建立了信噪比(signal to noise ratio, SNR)约束下波形相关函数峰值电平、相关函数主瓣模板匹配误差以及干扰能量加权和最小化准则的发射—接收联合优化问题。其次, 利用罚函数法、范数转化等方法, 将非凸、非光滑并且带约束的优化问题转化成关于自变量(由信号相位、滤波器幅度与相位构成)函数的最小化问题, 并利用迭代的限制内存的Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (limited-memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno, L-BFGS)算法进行求解。最后, 仿真结果表明, 该方法设计的优化信号与失配滤波器, 具有良好的相关峰值旁瓣电平, 能够有效地抑制多主瓣干扰, 并一定程度上控制了SNR损失。

关键词: 多主瓣干扰, 认知设计, 波形与滤波器联合设计

Abstract:

Multi-mainlobe jamming and radar echo coincide highly in space, time, frequency, and other dimensions, which seriously weakens radar detection performance. In order to solve the problem of simultaneous interference of chopping and interleaving (C&I), intermittent sampling direct forwarding, and intermittent sampling repeated forwarding, an anti-multi-mainlobe interference method based on joint optimization of transmitting waveform and receiving filter is proposed in this paper. Firstly, C&I, intermittent sampling, and direct forwarding and intermittent sampling repeated forwarding interference signal models is constructed based on constant mode phase coded signal. Then, under the condition that the interference parameters are fully known or biased, the joint optimization problem of transmitting and receiving is established based on the peak level of waveform correlation function, the matching error of main lobe template of correlation function, and the weighting and minimization criteria of interference energy under the constraint of signal to noise ratio (SNR). Then, by using penalty function method, norm transformation, and other methods, the non-convex, non-smooth, and constrained optimization problem is transformed into a minimization problem about the function of independent variables (composed of signal phase, filter amplitude and phase). The iterative limited-memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (L-BFGS) algorithm is used to solve the problem. Finally, simulation results show that the optimization method can effectively suppress multi-mainlobe interference and sidelobe level to a certain extent, and could control the SNR loss to a certain extent.

Key words: multi-mainlobe jamming, cognitive design, waveform and filter joint design

中图分类号:

TN973

林瑜, 卜祎, 余显祥, 崔国龙. 面向多主瓣干扰的波形与滤波器联合认知设计方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(11): 3437-3448.

Yu LIN, Yi BU, Xianxiang YU, Guolong CUI. Joint cognitive design method of waveform and filter for multi-mainlobe jamming[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 45(11): 3437-3448.

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参数	数值
相位编码信号时宽/μs	60
失配滤波器时宽/μs	120
带宽/MHz	5
采样率/MHz	5
雷达频率/GHz	2
相位编码信号长度	300
失配滤波器长度	600

干扰类型	干扰感知情况
干扰类型	干扰参数完全已知		干扰参数存在偏差
C&I干扰	截取段数	5	截取段数	4
	转发次数	5	转发次数	6
	每段点数	12	每段点数	12
间歇采样直接转发	截取段数	5	截取段数	5
	转发次数	1	转发次数	1
	每段点数	8	每段点数	8
间歇采样重复转发	截取段数	5	截取段数	5
	转发次数	4	转发次数	4
	每段点数	4	每段点数	4

参数	信号类型
参数	LFM信号	优化信号1	优化信号2
信号匹配/失配处理后峰值旁瓣电平	-13.47	-29.46	-25.62
信号与C&I干扰相关处理后峰值电平	-13.98	-32.24	-29.67
信号与间歇采样直接转发干扰信号相关处理后峰值电平	-17.5	-34.19	-33.9
信号与间歇重复转发采样干扰信号相关处理后峰值电平	-21.78	-35.62	-32.57
设计过程SNR_loss	0	0.924 2	1.982 7

参数	数值
脉冲个数	100
脉冲重复周期/μs	480
采样率/MHz	5
信噪比/dB	0
干信比/dB	20
目标距离/km	45
目标速度/(m·s^-1)	30
C&I干扰距离/km	46
C&I干扰速度/(m·s^-1)	32
间歇采样直接转发干扰距离/km	44
间歇采样直接转发干扰速度/(m·s^-1)	28
间歇采样重复转发干扰距离/km	48
间歇采样重复转发干扰速度/(m·s^-1)	26