GPU加速下的三维快速分解后向投影SAS成像算法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.10.01

Abstract

Abstract:

The back projection (BP) algorithm is an accurate time-domain imaging algorithm, but the high computational complexity of the BP algorithm makes it difficult to achieve real-time imaging. Especially when three-dimensional imaging is considered, the computational complexity of the BP algorithm will further increase. The paper proposes a three-dimensional fast factorized BP (FFBP) imaging algorithm applied to synthetic aperture sonar (SAS), and accelerates the three-dimensional FFBP algorithm using a graphics processing unit (GPU). After testing on point targets, the calculation time is reduced from the original 263 s to 2.3 s, solving the real-time imaging problem in SAS. At the same time, the imaging effect of the proposed algorithm under non-ideal trajectories is verified. The results show that when a sinusoidal disturbance with an amplitude not exceeding 0.1 m (within one wavelength) is added, there is still a good focusing effect on the point target.

Key words: fast factorized back projection (FFBP), parallel computing, graphics processing unit (GPU), synthetic aperture sonar (SAS), three-dimensional imaging

CLC Number:

TN911.7

Hongbo TAO, Dongsheng ZHANG, Yong HUANG. Three-dimensional fast factorized back projection SAS imaging algorithm accelerated by GPU[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2024, 46(10): 3247-3256.

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References 31

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声纳参数	数值
波长/m	0.1
信号带宽/kHz	10
采样率/kHz	270
脉冲宽度/s	0.1
船速/(m/s)	2
脉冲重复频率/Hz	5
目标位置/m	(0, 0, 20)
合成孔径长度/m	20

参数	数值
垂直航迹向距离误差ΔR_x	2.0E-3
航迹向距离误差ΔR_y	3.9E-4
父、子孔径间的平均距离误差Δr_mean	6.8E-2
父、子孔径间的最大距离误差Δr_max	6.9E-2

块数/个	每个块中的线程数/个	计算时间/s
16×32×512	1×2×64	0.60
16×64×512	1×1×64	0.62
8×8×512	2×8×64	0.64
8×4×512	2×16×64	错误

块数/个	每个块中的线程数/个	计算时间/s
4	32	1.7
2	64	1.8
1	128	2.4

方法	计算时间
仿真环境+BP	263
仿真环境+FFBP	38
vs2019+FFBP	36
vs2019+FFBP+OpenMP	26
vs2019+FFBP+CUDA	2.3

Three-dimensional fast factorized back projection SAS imaging algorithm accelerated by GPU

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算法	脉冲压缩及距离向升采样时间	成像算法时间	总时间
BP	0.60	2.78	3.38
FFBP	0.60	1.70	2.30

正弦扰动幅度/m	垂直航迹向峰值旁瓣比/dB	航迹向峰值旁瓣比/dB	距离向峰值旁瓣比/dB
0	-13.788 3	-13.641 6	-13.385 2
0.1	-13.788 3	-13.641 6	-13.303 8
0.2	-13.788 3	-13.641 6	-12.992 0
0.3	-13.788 3	-13.641 6	-12.474 3
0.4	-13.788 3	-13.641 6	-11.823 1

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块数/个	每个块中的线程数/个	计算时间/s
128×64×2	1×2×64	2.80
64×32×2	2×4×64	2.85
128×128×4	1×1×32	2.78