月基SAR对地观测系统参数分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-506X.2020.04.08

Abstract

Abstract:

With the development of the Moon exploration, the concept of deploying sensors of synthetic aperture radar based on the Moon (Moon-based SAR) to fully and constantly observe the Earth is gaining increased attention. The Moon-based SAR has the advantages of long-term, large-scale and continuous observation, and it may provide a new way for macro-scale solid Earth monitoring. Here, the system parameters theoretically are analyzed and simulated considering at the requirements of large-scale Earth observation. In addition, the actual relative motion parameters of the Earth-Moon system and the performance of the Moon-based SAR imaging are taken into account. The results show that the Moon-based SAR has the potential of ultra-wide observation applications. It can form an imaging swath of thousands of kilometers by using multi-beam SAR with good imaging performance.

Key words: Earth observation, macro-scale solid Earth movement, synthetic aperture radar based on the Moon (Moon-based SAR), wide-swath imaging, system parameter

CLC Number:

P228.9

Dewei LI, Liming JIANG, Houjun JIANG, Jinglong DONG, Hansheng WANG. System parameters analysis of the Moon-based SAR Earth observation[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2020, 42(4): 792-798.

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References 24

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参数名称	现象
参数名称	SET	PM & CD	GIA
空间覆盖	全球	60°S ~ 60°N	70°S ~90°S, 50°N~ 80°N
幅宽/km	~5 000	~5 000	~3 000
主要方向	垂向	水平方向	垂向
周期	1天, 1/2月, 1月,等	无	无

参数名称	参数值	表示符号
地球半径/月球半径/km	6 371/1 738	/
地月质心间近距/平均距离/远距/km	363 300/384 748/405 500	D_em
地球自转角速度/(rad/s)	7.292×10^-5	Ω_e
月球公转角速度/(rad/s)	2.664×10^-6	Ω_m
月球轨道倾角(白道与赤道夹角)	18.29°~28.58°	?

参数	数值
总测绘带宽/km	5 000
雷达带宽/MHz	15
斜距分辨率/m	10 (单视)
方位分辨率/m	10 (单视)
雷达频率/GHz	1.3(L)	3.0(S)	5.3(C)	9.6(X)
天线口径/m	300	200	150	115
子测绘带数量/个	13	19	26	34
形变灵敏度	差	中	良	好
时空间相干性	好	良	中	差

参数	指标
雷达频率/GHz	3
雷达带宽/MHz	60
入射角/(°)	15~60
观测幅宽/km	~5 000
距离分辨率/m	10
方位分辨率/m	10
合成孔径时间/s	68
雷达系统噪声/dB	3
雷达系统损耗/dB	3
天线口径/m	225
平均发射功率/kW	50
占空比	~0.1
PRF/Hz	370~390
距离模糊/dB	＜-20
方位模糊/dB	-21
NESZ/dB	＜-25
信号处理损耗/dB	2
噪声温度/K	290

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System parameters analysis of the Moon-based SAR Earth observation

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