双模三维OFDM索引调制方案设计与低复杂度检测

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.04.31

Abstract

Abstract:

A dual-mode three dimensional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-index modulation （DM-3D-OFDM-IM） system is proposed to address the challenges of OFDM-IM technology in balancing the spectral efficiency and reliability. This scheme designs a dual-mode 3D constellation modulation based on traditional OFDM-IM. By loading two types of 3D constellation symbols onto active subcarriers, it increases the minimum Euclidean distance between constellation points while introducing an additional subcarrier activation mode, thereby effectively improving system spectral efficiency and enhancing system reliability. Meanwhile, a greedy detection based log-likelihood ratio detection algorithm is proposed, and the average bit error probability （ABEP） of the system is derived using the joint boundary technique. Simulation results show that the proposed DM-3D-OFDM-IM scheme achieves much better ABEP performance compared with the traditional OFDM-IM schemes, and the proposed detection algorithm has the characteristics of high reliability and low complexity.

Key words: orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-index modulation(OFDM-IM), dual-mode three dimensional constellation modulation, log-likelihood ratio, average bit error probability(ABEP)

CLC Number:

TN 911.3

Guangping WANG, Zhiquan BAI, Jian DAI, Heng WANG, Xinhong HAO, Xiaopeng YAN. Design of dual-mode 3D OFDM index modulation scheme and low complexity detection[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(4): 1422-1430.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 1

Mapping rule table from information bits to subcarrier activation modes"

信息比特	子载波激活模式${{{i}}_g}$	子块发送信号${{\boldsymbol{X}}_g}$
$\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&0&0 \end{array}} \right]$	$\left\{ {\left\{ 1 \right\},\left\{ 2 \right\}} \right\}$	$\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{A}}&{{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{B}}&0&0 \end{array}} \right]$
$\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&{0\,}&1 \end{array}} \right]$	$ \left\{ {\left\{ 2 \right\},\left\{ 1 \right\}} \right\} $	$\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{B}}&{{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{A}}&0&0 \end{array}} \right]$
$\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&{1\,}&0 \end{array}} \right]$	$\left\{ {\left\{ 3 \right\},\left\{ 4 \right\}} \right\}$	$\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&0&{{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{A}}&{{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{B}} \end{array}} \right]$
$\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&{\,1\,}&1 \end{array}} \right]$	$\left\{ {\left\{ 4 \right\},\left\{ 3 \right\}} \right\}$	$\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&0&{{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{B}}&{{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{A}} \end{array}} \right]$
$ \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 1&{\,0}&0 \end{array}} \right] $	$\left\{ {\left\{ 1 \right\},\left\{ 4 \right\}} \right\}$	$\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{A}}&0&0&{{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{B}} \end{array}} \right]$
$\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 1&{\,0\,}&1 \end{array}} \right]$	$\left\{ {\left\{ 4 \right\},\left\{ 1 \right\}} \right\}$	$\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{B}}&0&0&{{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{A}} \end{array}} \right]$
$\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 1&{\,1\,}&0 \end{array}} \right]$	$\left\{ {\left\{ 2 \right\},\left\{ 3 \right\}} \right\}$	$\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&{{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{A}}&{{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{B}}&0 \end{array}} \right]$
$\left[ {\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 1&{\,1\,}&1 \end{array}} \right]$	$\left\{ {\left\{ 3 \right\},\left\{ 2 \right\}} \right\}$	$ \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 0&{{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{B}}&{{\boldsymbol{S}}_g^\text{A}}&0 \end{array}} \right] $

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

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信息比特	${{\mathcal{M}}_\text{A}}$	${{\mathcal{M}}_\text{B}}$
$ \left[ {0\,\;\,0} \right] $	${\boldsymbol{s}}_1^\text{A} = {\left[ {0.5774\;\;0.5774\;\;0.5774} \right]^{\mathrm{T}}}$	$ {\boldsymbol{s}}_1^\text{B} = {\left[ {{{ - }}0.5774\;\;0.5774\;\;0.5774} \right]^{\mathrm{T}}} $
$\left[ {0\;\,\;1} \right]$	${\boldsymbol{s}}_2^\text{A} = {\left[ {-0.5774\;\;-0.5774\;\;0.5774} \right]^{\mathrm{T}}}$	$ {\boldsymbol{s}}_2^\text{B} = {\left[ {0.5774\;\;-0.5774\;\;0.5774} \right]^{\mathrm{T}}} $
$\left[ {1\;\;\,0} \right]$	${\boldsymbol{s}}_3^\text{A} = {\left[ {0.5774\;\;-0.5774\;\;-0.5774} \right]^{\mathrm{T}}}$	$ {\boldsymbol{s}}_3^\text{B} = {\left[ {0.5774\;\;0.5774\;\;-0.5774} \right]^{\mathrm{T}}} $
$\left[ {1\;\;\,\;1} \right]$	${\boldsymbol{s}}_4^\text{A} = {\left[ {-0.5774\;\;0.5774\;\;-0.5774} \right]^{\mathrm{T}}}$	$ {\boldsymbol{s}}_4^\text{B} = {\left[ {-0.5774\;\;-0.5774\;\;-0.5774} \right]^{\mathrm{T}}} $

参数	配置
系统子载波数N	512
L_cp	16
信道	瑞利衰落信道
信道估计方式	理想
解调方式	ML/GD-LLR

Design of dual-mode 3D OFDM index modulation scheme and low complexity detection

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