基于退化注入场路耦合模型的锂电池SOC估计方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.10.14

Abstract

Abstract:

At present, the estimation methods for state of charge (SOC) takes little account of the combined effects of temperature and degradation, as well as their coupling relationship, which leads to incomplete model representation and insufficient SOC estimation accuracy after battery performance degradation. In regard to this, a lithium-ion battery SOC estimation method based on degradation injection field-circuit coupling model is proposed to achieve accurate estimation of SOC throughout the entire lifecycle. Firstly, a field-circuit coupled model by coupling the equivalent circuit model with the multi physics field model is established to describe the effect of temperature. Then, the offline parameter identification method is used to inject factors such as temperature and degradation into the parameters of the equivalent circuit model. Finally, a surrogate model is built to improve computational efficiency and achieve online SOC estimation. The verification results of the case indicate that compared to other methods, the proposed model has a smoother prediction curve and higher accuracy in estimating the degradation of lithium-ion batteries after long-term operation.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, state of charge （SOC） estimation, field-circuit coupling model, degradation injection, surrogate model

CLC Number:

TM 912

Bo SUN, Tongshu LIN, Zeyu WU, Cheng QIAN, Junlin PAN, Leyang ZHOU, Keming DONG. SOC estimation method for lithium-ion batteries based on degradation injected field-circuit coupling model[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2025, 47(10): 3270-3277.

Figures/Tables 14

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工况名称	工况介绍
随机充/放电	从−4.5 A，−3.75 A，−3 A，−2.25 A，−1.5 A，−0.75 A，0.75 A，1.5 A，2.25 A，3 A，3.75 A，4.5 A中随机选择充电或放电电流，直到电池电压达到3.2 V或4.2 V，或充放电持续5 min
随机充/放电后休息	小于1 s，用于选择新的充电或放电电流大小
参考充/放电	用于获取每1500随机充放电循环后的电池容量，首先以恒流-恒压方式充满电池，随后以2 A放电，直到电池电压达到3.2 V
脉冲充/放电	用于获取每3000随机充放电循环后的电池参数，首先施加10 min的1 A充/放电电流，随后休息20 min，持续至满充/满放
脉冲充/放电后休息	休息20 min，用于观察脉冲结束后电压的回弹情况
低电流放电	使用0.04 A的低电流放电，用于获取电池开路电压与SOC的关系

参数属性	参数名称	取值
几何参数	电池高度/mm	65
几何参数	电池半径/mm	9
材料参数	导热系数/（$ {\text{W}} \cdot {{\text{m}}^{ - 1}}{{\text{K}}^{ - 1}} $）	$\{ 3, 3, 30\}$
	恒压热容/（$ {\text{J}} \cdot {\text{k}}{{\text{g}}^{ - 1}}{{\text{K}}^{ - 1}} $）	$ 900 $
	密度/（$ {\text{kg}} \cdot {{\text{m}}^{{-\text{ 3}}}} $）	$ 2\;663 $
边界条件	入口速度/（$ {\text{m}} \cdot {{\text{s}}^{{ -\text{ 1}}}} $）	0.5
	出口压强/atm	1
	环境温度/°C	25

方法	退化前		退化后
方法	MAE	RMSE	MAE	RMSE
无退化EKF方法	0.009	0.010	0.201	0.213
仅退化注入的方法	0.009	0.010	0.015	0.021
退化注入+场路耦合的方法	0.007	0.009	0.011	0.014
LSTM方法	0.018	0.022	0.032	0.040

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SOC estimation method for lithium-ion batteries based on degradation injected field-circuit coupling model

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