注意力机制CNN的毫米波大规模MIMO系统信道估计算法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2022.01.38

Abstract

Abstract:

In outdoor ray tracing communication scenarios, aiming at the problems of low channel estimation accuracy defected by its sparse characteristics and noise factors in millimeter-wave massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO), an image denoising attention mechanism based convolutional neural network channel estimation algorithm is proposed. Firstly, after constructing the data set for simulating the real environment by setting the parameters, generate channel matrix is regarded as a two-dimensional image. Then, the attention mechanism network is constructed to enhance the saliency of the noise features in the image, and the attention mechanism network is embedded in the convolutional neural network (CNN) for feature fusion. Finally, the noise extracted by the network model achieves the denoising effect and the denoised image, the estimated channel matrix is obtained. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed attention mechanism based CNN (Attention-CNN) algorithm achieves better performance of higher channel estimation accuracy, which improved by about 1.86 dB on average, compared with least square (LS), minimum mean square error (MMSE), CNN and denoising convolutional neural network (DnCNN).

Key words: millimeter-wave massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO), channel estimation, convolutional neural network (CNN), attention mechanism, denoising

CLC Number:

TP391.9

Ziyan LIU, Shanshan MA, Jing LIANG, Mingcheng ZHU, Lei YUAN. Attention mechanism based CNN channel estimation algorithm in millimeter-wave massive MIMO system[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2022, 44(1): 307-312.

Figures/Tables 10

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References 30

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算法	乘法运算次数	复杂度
LS	U²+N	O(U²)
MMSE	4U³+N	O(U³)
CNN	102U³B+36L	O(U³B)
DnCNN	128U²B+24L	O(U²B)
Attention-CNN	176U²B+32L	O(U²B)

参数	数值
基站数	5, 6, 7, 8
用户数	1 200~1 800
基站天线数	M_x=1, M_y=16, M_z=8
天线间距	0.5
系统带宽/GHz	0.5
OFDM子载波数	1 024
路径数	5
学习率γ	0.001
激活函数	Relu
SNR范围/dB	30
bach_size	32
epoch	300

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Attention mechanism based CNN channel estimation algorithm in millimeter-wave massive MIMO system

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