基于交替方向乘子法的单天线ADS-B信号分离

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.05.04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

广播式自动相关监视(automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast, ADS-B)系统是一种针对空中交通管理的监视系统。然而, 由于ADS-B信号传输的随机性不可避免地导致多个ADS-B信号之间的重叠。传统的单天线Capon算法由于频率估计误差导致算法性能下降, 针对以上问题提出了一种非频率估计的ADS-B信号分离算法。首先, 基于矩阵重构, 将单天线ADS-B信号分离问题重新表述成一个与Capon算法类似, 但是约束条件完全不同的非凸优化问题。然后, 针对该非凸优化问题, 使用了交替方向乘子法求解了该非凸优化问题。仿真结果表明, 当非重叠的数据的长度大于1 μs时, 提出的算法就能有效地分离出重叠的单天线ADS-B信号。此外, 即使在Capon算法已知重叠信号的频率精确而所提算法未知的情况下, 所提算法的性能也优于Capon算法。

关键词: 广播式自动相关监视, 单天线, 矩阵重构, 交替方向乘子法

Abstract:

Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) system is a surveillance system for air traffic management. However, due to the randomness of signal, ADS-B signal overlapping is unavoidable. Traditional single antenna Capon algorithm can cause performance degradation due to the existence of frequency estimation error. To solve above problems, this paper proposes a non-frequency estimation ADS-B signal separation algorithm. Firstly, based on matrix reshaping, the single antenna ADS-B signal separation problem is transformed as a non-convex optimization problem similar to Capon algorithm with completely different constraints. Then, for this non-convex optimization problem, alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM) is utilized to solve the non-convex optimization problem. Simulations show that the proposed algorithm can effectively separate overlapping ADS-B signals when the length of non-overlapping data is greater than 1 μs. In addition, the proposed algorithm performs better than Capon algorithm even if the signal frequency is precisely known for Capon and unknown for the proposed algorithm.

Key words: automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B), single antenna, matrix reshaping, alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM)

中图分类号:

TN967.1

王文益, 钟仁伟. 基于交替方向乘子法的单天线ADS-B信号分离[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(5): 1286-1296.

Wenyi WANG, Renwei ZHONG. Single antenna ADS-B signal separation based on alternating direction multiplier method[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 45(5): 1286-1296.

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ADS-B信号	AA	DF	消息类型	高度/ft	经度/(°)	纬度/(°)
第一条ADS-B信号	780123	17	空中位置消息	34 100	117.5	37.5
第二条ADS-B信号	780AAA	17	空中位置消息	32 100	117.8	37.4

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