民用飞机多地域航材支援网络模型研究

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2022.05.16

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

航材支援保障对于民用飞机安全可靠营运至关重要, 民用飞机运营在不同地区, 以客户需求为牵引的航材支援同时受到地域环境和运输方式的影响。为了实现民用飞机航材敏捷支持, 本文综合考虑多因素的影响, 提出了航材支援网络节点权衡的嵌套层次分析法(nested analytic hierarchy process, NAHP), 以及基于遗传算法(genetic algorithm, GA)的民用飞机多地域航材支援网络模型。结合民用飞机多地域运营特点, 对航材支援网络影响因素进行研究, 并运用NAHP对航材支援网络节点进行权衡分析, 对备选节点的重要性进行排序以得到航材支援网络目标节点, 从而构建以时效性为优化目标的多地域航材支援网络节点类型定位与多式联运路径优化模型, 并进行GA适用性设计以对模型求解。最后, 通过与人工规划航材支援方案对比, 对所提方法和模型的有效性进行验证。结果表明，所提方法能够合理确定航材支援网络节点的类型和辐射范围, 同时以最短时间完成航材支援任务, 可为民用飞机在多地域运营的航材支援网络搭建提供可行的方法和思路。

关键词: 航材支援网络, 民用飞机, 层次分析法, 遗传算法, 敏捷支持

Abstract:

Spare parts support is essential to the safe and reliable operation of civil aircraft. Civil aircraft are operated in different regions, and spare parts support based on customer demand is also affected by the regional environment and transportation methods. In order to realize the agile support of civil aircraft spare parts, this paper comprehensively considers the influence of multiple factors, and proposes the nested analytic hierarchy process (NAHP) method based on the balance of the spare parts support network nodes, as well as the multi-region spare parts support network model for civil aircraft based on the genetic algorithm (GA). Combining the characteristics of civil aircraft operations in multiple regions, the factors affecting the spare parts support network are researched, and the NAHP is used to weigh and analyze the spare parts support network nodes, and the target nodes of the spare parts support network are obtained by ranking the importance of the candidate nodes. Then, taking timeliness as the optimization goal, a multi-regional spare parts support network node type positioning and multimodal transport route optimization model is constructed, which is solved by the GA that is designed to improve applicability. Finally, the effectiveness of the developed method and model is verified by comparing with the artificially planned spare parts support plans. The results show that the proposed method can reasonably determine the type and radiation range of the spare parts support network node, and at the same time complete the spare parts support task in the shortest time. It can provide feasible methods and ideas for the construction of the spare parts support network for civil aircraft operating in multiple regions.

Key words: spare parts support network, civil aircraft, analytic hierarchy process (AHP), genetic algorithm (GA), agile support

中图分类号:

V267

冯蕴雯, 陈俊宇, 路成. 民用飞机多地域航材支援网络模型研究[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(5): 1553-1561.

Yunwen FENG, Junyu CHEN, Cheng LU. Research on civil aircraft spare parts multi-region support network model[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2022, 44(5): 1553-1561.

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因素属性	主影响因素	子影响因素
定性因素	法律政策	适航等相关法律符合性因素
		航材进出口关税因素
		地方政府相关政策支持因素
	经营环境	航空运输市场的潜力情况
		不同运输方式接驳难易情况
		地形地貌情况
	自然	平均温度湿度情况
	自然	降雨、降霜及降雪情况
	安全	治安情况
		外部稳定性
		地质安全性
定量因素	时间	航材进口平均通关时间
	时间	航材支援平均运输时间
	成本	航材进口关税、增值税成本
		航材支援仓库建设租用成本
		普通工人的平均月工资
		用水用电费用
		各类运输方式的价格
	运输需求	各等级机场个数
		飞机运输起降架次
		各航空公司机队规模
		各航空公司保障深度与覆盖航站个数
	运输方式	各等级公路里程
		各等级铁路里程与吞吐量
		各等级港口的个数与吞吐量
		机场航线条数与货物吞吐量

标度	含义
1	表示两个元素相比, 具有同等重要性
3	表示两个元素相比, 前者比后者稍重要
5	表示两个元素相比, 前者比后者明显重要
7	表示两个元素相比, 前者比后者强烈重要
9	表示两个元素相比, 前者比后者极端重要
2, 4, 6, 8	表示上述判断的中间值
倒数	若元素i与元素j的重要性之比为a_ij, 则元素j与元素i的重要性之比为a_ij=1/a_ij

主要影响因素	一致性比例	w
法律政策	< 0.01	[0.637 0, 0.104 7, 0.258 3]
经营环境	< 0.01	[0.750 0, 0.250 0]
自然环境	< 0.01	[0.637 0, 0.258 3, 0.104 7]
安全	< 0.01	[0.258 3, 0.104 7, 0.637 0]
成本	< 0.01	[0.496 6, 0.235 3, 0.093 9, 0.087 1, 0.087 1]
时间	< 0.01	[0.750 0, 0.250 0]
运输需求	< 0.01	[0.525 8, 0.062 3, 0.205 9, 0.205 9]
运输方法	< 0.01	[0.109 0, 0.109 0, 0.296 8, 0.485 2]

节点	x	y	需求量
A	2 788	1 491	20
B	3 158	2 358	90
D	3 918	2 179	70
F	3 715	1 678	60
G	4 061	2 370	70
J	3 780	2 212	40
L	3 676	2 578	90

节点	A	B	D	F	G	J	L
中心库	174.6	298.9	-	-	-	-	-
A	0	-	-	529.7	522.7	-	-
B	-	0	110.1	181.9	-	-	-
D	-	-	0	149.9	366.3	-	-
F	-	-	-	0	-	391.9	383.2
G	-	-	-	-	0	230.2	241.9
J	-	-	-	-	-	0	12