基于DEM的民航地空VHF通信有效覆盖仿真研究

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2022.02.40

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对起伏地形环境下求解民航地空甚高频(very high frequency, VHF)通信有效覆盖范围冗余较大、精度较低的问题, 采用改进的最大斜率法进行了仿真研究。首先, 考虑遮蔽角计算存在计算冗余, 提出“高程清洗”方法, 降低计算量。其次, 考虑求解最大斜率遮蔽角存在误差, 采用改进的反距离加权插值法对原始数字高程模型数据进行插值提升分辨率, 提高了切点逼近点位置精度。然后, 为确定遮蔽区域具体点位, 提出“切点截止法”进行求解。最后, 为得到准确覆盖率, 采用“网格法”分析计算。实验表明, 改进的最大斜率法可有效减少计算冗余, 提高信号覆盖求解精度, 覆盖率相对改进前分别降低9.58%、4.10%和1.26‰。改进的VHF有效覆盖范围仿真程序可为VHF地面通信站选址、飞机航线规划提供支撑。

关键词: 甚高频通信, 地形遮蔽, 覆盖范围, 遮蔽角, 最大斜率法

Abstract:

With respect to large redundancy and low accuracy of effective coverage of civil aviation ground-to-air very high frequency(VHF) communication in rugged terrains, the improved maximum slope method is applied for simulation research. Firstly, the "elevation mark" method is proposed to reduce the redundancy in the calculation of the shielding angle. Secondly, considering the calculating error in the maximum slope masking angle, the improved inverse distance weighted interpolation method is employed to interpolate the original digital elevation model data, enhancing the resolution and the position accuracy of the proximal point of tangent point. Then, the tangent-cut-off method is adopted to identify the specific points in the shelter area. Finally, the "grid method" is used to analyze the data for a more accurate coverage rate. The experimental results indicate that the improved maximum slope method can effectively reduce the calculation redundancy and increase the accuracy of the signal coverage, with the coverage rate reduced by 9.58%, 4.10% and 1.26 ‰ respectively in the three types of experimental terrains. The simulation program of the improved VHF effective coverage can significantly support VHF ground communication station location and aircraft route planning.

Key words: very high frequency (VHF) communication, terrain masking, coverage, masking angle, maximum slope method

中图分类号:

TP391.9

冯克涛, 李晓毅, 曲晨, 王申涛, 陈谋. 基于DEM的民航地空VHF通信有效覆盖仿真研究[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(2): 684-695.

Ketao FENG, Xiaoyi LI, Chen QU, Shentao WANG, Mou CHEN. Simulation research on effective coverage of civil aviation ground to air VHF communication based on DEM[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2022, 44(2): 684-695.

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实验地形	求解方法	β	MAE/m	RMSPE/m	相关系数R	平均耗时/s
Ⅰ	文献[28]	3.540 6	0.092 796	0.217 39	0.999 98	187.90
	文献[25]	3.553 7	0.092 755	0.217 33	0.999 98	200.98
	本文方法	3.565 6	0.092 734	0.217 28	0.999 98	230.93
Ⅱ	文献[28]	3.794 9	0.084 541	0.241 39	0.999 97	69.48
	文献[25]	3.775 7	0.084 534	0.241 31	0.999 97	72.89
	本文方法	3.776 2	0.084 534	0.241 31	0.999 97	75.92
Ⅲ	文献[28]	3.498 5	0.052 113	0.150 42	0.999 98	30.66
	文献[25]	3.515 3	0.052 062	0.150 38	0.999 98	30.94
	本文方法	3.521 7	0.052 045	0.150 36	0.999 98	33.89

插值方法	MAE/m	RMSPE/m	相关系数R	平均耗时/s
BI	0.160 78	0.272 09	0.999 73	0.028 8
OK	0.358 58	0.518 38	0.999 32	7.213 8
IDW	0.092 73	0.217 28	0.999 98	0.161 3

插值方法	MAE/m	RMSPE/m	相关系数R	平均耗时/s
BI	0.131 88	0.274 18	0.999 63	0.019 2
OK	0.332 87	0.492 55	0.999 18	4.137 0
IDW	0.084 53	0.241 31	0.999 97	0.078 0

插值方法	MAE/m	RMSPE/m	相关系数R	平均耗时/s
BI	0.081 99	0.170 72	0.999 98	0.015 3
OK	0.280 27	0.481 69	0.999 83	2.054 9
IDW	0.052 05	0.150 36	0.999 98	0.041 3

参数	数值
工作频率f/MHz	137
地面站发射功率P_T/ W	50
地面站系统衰减A/dB	3
地面站天线增益G_T/dB	0
飞机接收机灵敏度P_Rmin/dBm	-80
飞机接收机最低信号场强E_Rmin/(μV/m)	75