基于直接阵元-脉冲域对消的PSTAP风切变检测

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.02.10

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (2): 478-489.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.02.10

• 传感器与信号处理 • 上一篇

基于直接阵元-脉冲域对消的PSTAP风切变检测

李海(), 郭景瑞, 仇一璠, 范庆斌, 范懿()

中国民航大学天津市智能信号与图像处理重点实验室，天津 300300

收稿日期:2024-11-04 修回日期:2025-02-25 出版日期:2025-04-23 发布日期:2025-04-23
通讯作者: 范懿 E-mail:haili@cauc.edu.cn;yifan@cauc.edu.cn
作者简介:李　海（1976—），男，教授，博士，主要研究方向为机载气象雷达信号处理及机器学习在气象雷达中的应用、分布式目标检测与参数估计、自适应信号处理、阵列信号处理、动目标检测与参数估计
郭景瑞（1999—），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为机载气象雷达信号处理、极化空时自适应处理、流体数值模拟
仇一璠（2000—），女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为机载气象雷达信号处理、极化空时自适应处理
范庆斌(2000—)，男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为机载气象雷达信号处理、流体数值模拟
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费项目中国民航大学专项（3122017007）；浙江省自然科学基金重点项目（LZ25F010008）资助课题

PSTAP wind shear detection based on direct element-pulse domain cancellation

Hai LI(), Jingrui GUO, Yifan QIU, Qingbin FAN, Yi FAN()

Tianjin Key Lab for Advanced Signal Processing，Civil Aviation University of China，Tianjin 300300，China

Received:2024-11-04 Revised:2025-02-25 Online:2025-04-23 Published:2025-04-23
Contact: Yi FAN E-mail:haili@cauc.edu.cn;yifan@cauc.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对非均匀环境下独立同分布样本数严重不足，现有的极化空时自适应处理方法对风切变检测性能下降的问题，提出一种基于直接阵元-脉冲域对消的极化空时自适应处理风切变检测方法。首先，根据先验知识构造杂波基矩阵，并采用加权最小二乘准则迭代估计杂波源幅度，完成杂波数据的重构。其次，利用重构得到的杂波数据直接在阵元-脉冲域进行杂波对消。最后，将杂波抑制后的信号进行极化融合处理、风速估计及F因子的计算，以完成低空风切变的检测。仿真实验结果显示该方法与其他方法相比，在风速估计方面表现出更小的误差，估计结果与原始风速分布具有更高的一致性；同时，F因子的危险区域判决结果与真实F因子判决结果一致，证明所提方法可以有效实现非均匀环境下的极化风切变信号检测。

关键词: 机载双极化气象雷达, 极化空时自适应处理, 非均匀环境, 风切变检测

Abstract:

To address the issue that the performance of existing polarimetric space-time adaptive processing （PSTAP） methods for wind shear detection declines due to the severe shortage of independent and identically distributed samples in non-uniform environments, a PSTAP wind shear detection method based on direct element-pulse domain cancellation is proposed. Firstly, a clutter basis matrix is constructed based on prior knowledge, and the clutter source amplitude is iteratively estimated using a weighted least squares criterion to complete the reconstruction of clutter data. Secondly, the reconstructed clutter data is directly canceled in the element-pulse domain. Finally, the clutter-suppressed signals undergo polarimetric fusion processing, wind speed estimation, and factor calculation to detect low-altitude wind shear. Simulation experiment results show that compared with other methods, the proposed method achieves smaller errors in wind speed estimation, and its estimation results exhibit a higher degree of consistency with the original wind speed distribution; the hazardous-region decision based on the F-factor is consistent with the true F-factor decision, which verify that the proposed method can effectively detect polarimetric wind shear signals in non-uniform environments.

Key words: airborne dual-polarization weather radar, polarimetric space-time adaptive processing (PSTAP), inhomogeneous environment, wind shear detection

中图分类号:

959.4

李海, 郭景瑞, 仇一璠, 范庆斌, 范懿. 基于直接阵元-脉冲域对消的PSTAP风切变检测[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2026, 48(2): 478-489.

Hai LI, Jingrui GUO, Yifan QIU, Qingbin FAN, Yi FAN. PSTAP wind shear detection based on direct element-pulse domain cancellation[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(2): 478-489.

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地表类型	$ {\sigma }_{c} $	$ {A}_{0} $	$ {B}_{0} $	$ {\beta }_{0} $
农田	1	0.004000	$ 0.5\text {π} $	0.200
高山	1	0.004000	$ 0.5\text {π} $	0.500
泥地	1	0.001945	$ 0.5\text {π} $	0.155
雪地	1	0.002630	$ 0.5\text {π} $	0.170
草地	1	0.005720	$ 0.5\text {π} $	0.240
庄稼地	1	0.007400	$ 0.5\text {π} $	0.280
树林	1	0.009160	$ 0.5\text {π} $	0.320
裸石地	1	0.010880	$ 0.5\text {π} $	0.360
丘陵	1	0.012600	$ 0.5\text {π} $	0.400

地表类型	$ {\delta }_{c} $	$ {r}_{c} $	$ \rho \sqrt{{r}_{c}} $
水面	0.05	3.54	1.67
草地	0.19	1.03	0.53
裸土	0.08	2.04	1.27
树林	0.16	0.89	0.61
建筑物	0.02	0.11	0.22
混合植被	0.19	1.08	0.6
城市道路	0.19	1.69	0.77

参数	值	参数	值
飞机高度/m	600	阵元数量	8
波长/m	0.05	相干脉冲数	64
PRF/Hz	7000	杂噪比/dB	50
飞机速度/（m/s）	75	信噪比/dB	5
距离分辨率/m	150	主瓣指向/（°）	（90,0）

估计方法	均方根误差
最优PSTAP	15.7740
双极化通道融合的STAP	11.7432
单极化直接阵元−脉冲域对消	4.4590
所提方法	1.4803

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基于直接阵元-脉冲域对消的PSTAP风切变检测

PSTAP wind shear detection based on direct element-pulse domain cancellation

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