机载长合成孔径时间海面运动舰船高分辨SAR成像算法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.02.08

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (2): 456-465.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2026.02.08

• 传感器与信号处理 • 上一篇

机载长合成孔径时间海面运动舰船高分辨SAR成像算法

陈凯¹^,²^,*(), 赵永波¹, 刘仍莉², 邓海涛², 孙龙²

1. 西安电子科技大学雷达信号处理全国重点实验室，陕西西安 710071
2. 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所，安徽合肥 230088

收稿日期:2025-02-11 修回日期:2025-05-06 出版日期:2025-07-03 发布日期:2025-07-03
通讯作者: 陈凯 E-mail:kimchenc@163.com
作者简介:赵永波（1972—），男，教授，博士，主要研究方向为阵列信号处理、米波雷达、多输入多输出雷达
刘仍莉（1989—），女，高级工程师，博士，主要研究方向为机载动目标指示雷达系统算法
邓海涛（1979—），男，研究员，主要研究方向为机载合成孔径雷达成像、动目标指示处理算法
孙　龙（1981—），男，研究员，博士，主要研究方向为机载雷达系统

High resolution SAR imaging algorithm for maritime moving ships with airborne long synthetic aperture time

Kai CHEN¹^,²^,*(), Yongbo ZHAO¹, Rengli LIU², Haitao DENG², Long SUN²

1. National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing，Xidian University，Xi’an 710071，China
2. The 38th Research Institute, China Electronics Technology Group Corporation，Hefei 230088，China

Received:2025-02-11 Revised:2025-05-06 Online:2025-07-03 Published:2025-07-03
Contact: Kai CHEN E-mail:kimchenc@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决海面运动舰船因转动分量不足使得逆合成孔径雷达处理成像分辨率低，以及舰船的非合作性运动导致合成孔径雷达成像散焦的问题，提出一种机载长合成孔径时间海面运动舰船高分辨合成孔径雷达成像算法。首先基于子孔径成像处理完成舰船目标检测和信号提取，接着利用子孔径之间距离多普勒自适应相关搜索完成舰船信号全孔径归集。在舰船信号集合的过程中，同步完成距离对齐和平动误差补偿。最后利用基于匹配傅里叶变换的方法进行舰船的转动参数估计，实现转动误差补偿，完成长合成孔径时间舰船目标的高分辨合成孔径雷达成像。实验结果和对比分析表明，所提方法对海面运动舰船可以实现高分辨成像，点目标可有效聚焦，相比传统方法，舰船目标散射点细节更明显，验证了所提方法的有效性。

关键词: 舰船成像, 长合成孔径时间, 目标检测和信号提取, 目标信号归集, 匹配傅里叶变换, 子孔径

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of low imaging resolution of inverse synthetic aperture radar （ISAR） due to insufficient rotational components, and synthetic aperture radar （SAR） imaging defocusing caused by non-cooperative motion for maritime moving ship, a high-resolution SAR imaging algorithm is proposed for maritime moving ships with long synthetic aperture time. Firstly, ship target detection and signal separation are completed based on the sub-aperture imaging. Then, range and Doppler adaptive correlation search between sub-apertures are used to achieve signal collection. During the ship signal collection process, range alignment and translation error compensation are synchronously applied. Finally, the matched Fourier transform based method is used to estimate moving ship rotation parameters, achieve rotation error supplementation, and complete high-resolution SAR imaging of long synthetic aperture time ship targets. Experimental results and comparative analysis demonstrate that the proposed method achieves high-resolution imaging of moving ships on the sea surface, effectively focusing point targets. Compared with conventional methods, the scattering point details of ship targets are significantly richer, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Key words: ship imaging, long synthetic aperture time, target detection and signal extraction, target signal collection, match Fourier transform, sub-aperture

中图分类号:

陈凯, 赵永波, 刘仍莉, 邓海涛, 孙龙. 机载长合成孔径时间海面运动舰船高分辨SAR成像算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2026, 48(2): 456-465.

Kai CHEN, Yongbo ZHAO, Rengli LIU, Haitao DENG, Long SUN. High resolution SAR imaging algorithm for maritime moving ships with airborne long synthetic aperture time[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2026, 48(2): 456-465.

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参数	数值
载频/GHz	10
带宽/MHz	400
采样率/MHz	480
脉宽/μs	10
PRF/Hz	400
平台速度/（m/s）	50
飞行高度/m	4000
中心作用距离/km	50
方位向3 dB波束宽度/（°）	2.5

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机载长合成孔径时间海面运动舰船高分辨SAR成像算法

High resolution SAR imaging algorithm for maritime moving ships with airborne long synthetic aperture time

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