爆炸型红外烟幕衰减特性模型的实验验证研究

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.03.05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

赤磷基烟幕弹是对抗红外探测的有效干扰手段, 烟幕弹爆炸后扩散形成的烟幕对被测目标的衰减分布特征是评估其遮蔽性能的基础。典型爆炸型红外烟幕衰减特性模型包括爆炸成烟的扩散模型和基于Mie散射理论的烟幕透过率计算模型, 据此设计并开展了烟幕微观光学特征测量实验与赤磷烟幕弹红外衰减特性外场测量实验。实验结果表明, 烟幕颗粒尺度主要集中在10~75 μm之间, 形态趋近于球形粒子。与外场测试获取的烟幕随时间变化的透过率结果相比, 烟幕衰减特性模型的中波透过率计算结果的相对误差均值为16.3%, 长波透过率计算结果的相对误差均值为15.8%。由扩散模型计算得到的烟幕组分数密度与测得的烟幕透过率变化趋势一致, 计算模型结果与实验数据分析相符。对烟幕粒子的球形假设、组分类型的设定与真实状态存在一定的偏差, 需要进一步开展烟幕三维物理场的验证分析, 以完善烟幕衰减模型。

关键词: 烟幕, 赤磷, Mie散射, 透过率, 粒子数密度

Abstract:

Red phosphorus smoke screen bomb is an effective interference method against infrared detection. The smoke screen bomb explodes and spreads to form a smoke screen. The attenuation distribution characteristics of smoke screen on the detected target are the basis for evaluating its shielding performance. The typical attenuation characteristics model of explosion infrared smoke screen includes a diffusion model for explosive smoke formation and a smoke screen transmittance calculation model based on Mie scattering theory. Based on this, experiments are designed and carried out to measure the microscopic optical characteristics of smoke screen and the infrared attenuation characteristics of red phosphorus smoke screen bomb in the field. The experimental results indicate that the particle size of the smoke screen is mainly concentrated in the range of 10-75 μm, and the shape tends towards spherical particles. Compared with the time-varying transmittance results obtained from field testing, the average relative error of the medium wave transmittance calculation results in smoke screen attenuation characteristics model is 16.3%, and the average relative error of the long wave transmittance is 15.8%. The fraction density of smoke screen components calculated by the diffusion model is consistent with the trend of the measured smoke screen transmittance. The calculation model results are consistent with the experimental data analysis. There is a certain deviation between the spherical assumption of smoke screen particles, the setting of component types in the article and the actual state. Further verification analysis of the three-dimensional physical field of smoke screen is needed to improve the smoke screen attenuation model.

Key words: smoke screen, red phosphorus, Mie scattering, transmittance, particle number density

中图分类号:

TN957.52

林娟, 朱希娟, 刘兴润, 李浩彤, 吴开峰, 董雁冰. 爆炸型红外烟幕衰减特性模型的实验验证研究[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2025, 47(3): 720-729.

Juan LIN, Xijuan ZHU, Xingrun LIU, Haotong LI, Kaifeng WU, Yanbing DONG. Experimental verification research on the attenuation characteristics model of explosive infrared smoke screen[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2025, 47(3): 720-729.

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粒径/μm	粒子含量/%
1.000	1.57
2.000	3.24
5.000	7.18
10.000	13.16
20.000	24.82
50.000	53.39
75.000	77.69
100.000	88.49
200.000	99.65
300.000	100.00

时间/s	测试数据	计算数据	相对误差绝对值/%
5	0.62	0.65	4.8
10	0.46	0.34	26.1
15	0.183	0.2	9.3
20	0.13	0.16	23.1
25	0.17	0.19	11.8
30	0.34	0.29	14.7
35	0.44	0.36	18.2
40	0.61	0.71	16.4
45	0.72	0.88	22.2

时间/s	测试数据	计算数据	相对误差绝对值/%
5	0.59	0.62	5.1
10	0.36	0.31	13.9
15	0.16	0.17	6.3
20	0.11	0.14	27.3
25	0.18	0.16	11.1
30	0.24	0.2	16.7
35	0.35	0.28	20.0
40	0.52	0.66	26.9
45	0.75	0.86	14.7