基于FrFT-FH架构LPD通信波形设计与性能分析

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.08.33

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem that the Chirp signal has obvious characteristics in fractional Fourier transform domain and the signal's period is easy to be detected, a low probability of detection (LPD) waveform construction method that can achieve multiple domain concealment is designed. The proposed method refers to fractional Fourier transform frequency hopping (FrFT-FH) architecture without changing the spread spectrum gain of Chirp signal. Through time width division and reorganization (TDR), the convergence property characteristic of Chirp signal in fractional Fourier transform domain and the periodic domain of the signal are reduced. The simulation results show that the proposed waveform which is preserving system's conmunication performance, achieves signal detecion probabilities below 0.2 in frequency detection, fractional Fourier transform domain detection, and periodic domains detection with the condition of signal-to-noise ratio of 10 dB. The proposed method addresses the limitaion of current LPD waveforms which are confined to concealment problem in a single feature domain, and meets the requirements for system in various feature domains.

Key words: ultiple domain concealment, low probability of detection (LPD), fractional Fourier transform-frequency hopping (FrFT-FH), time width division and reorganization (TDR)

CLC Number:

TN92

Xiaoyan NING, Yifei YANG, Kaifeng GUO, Zhenduo WANG. Design and performance analysis of LPD communication waveform based on FrFT-FH structure[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2024, 46(8): 2857-2866.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 1

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Table 2

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

Fig.12

Table 3

References 30

1	辜方林, 黄育侦, 赵莺, 等. 基于单载波频域均衡的直接序列扩频自适应抗干扰技术[J]. 通信学报, 2022, 43 (11): 26- 34. doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022213
	GU F L , HUANG Y Z , ZHAO Y , et al. Adaptive anti-jamming technologies based on direct sequence spread spectrum and single carrier frequency domain equalization[J]. Journal on Communications, 2022, 43 (11): 26- 34. doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022213
2	李振东, 谭维凤, 康成斌, 等. 直接序列扩频系统抗干扰能力研究[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2021, 43 (1): 116- 123.
	LI Z D , TAN W F , KANG C B , et al. Research on anti-interference ability of direct sequence spread spectrum system[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2021, 43 (1): 116- 123.
3	MA S Q , ZHANG Y Q , LI H , et al. Robust beamforming design for covert communications[J]. IEEE Trans.on Information Forensics and Security, 2021, 16, 3026- 3038. doi: 10.1109/TIFS.2021.3071602
4	CHE B H , GAO C , MA R Q , et al. Covert wireless communication in multichannel systems[J]. IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 2022, 11 (9): 1790- 1794. doi: 10.1109/LWC.2022.3180993
5	HUANG K W , WANG H M , TOWSLEY D , et al. LPD communication: a sequential change-point detection perspective[J]. IEEE Trans.on Communications, 2020, 68 (4): 2474- 2490. doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2020.2969416
6	DIAMANT R , LAMPE L . Low probability of detection for underwater acoustic communication: a review[J]. IEEE Access, 2018, 6, 19099- 19112. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2818110
7	WANG B , GUAN X . Channel estimation for underwater acoustic communications based on orthogonal chirp division multiplexing[J]. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 2021, 28, 1883- 1887. doi: 10.1109/LSP.2021.3111569
8	CHEN S Y, WANG T, TAO R, et al. The study on the perfor-mance of low detection and low interception of FRFT-OFDM[C]//Proc. of the 2nd International Conference on Instrumentation, Computer, Communication and Control, 2012: 1513-1517.
9	ALLY D , HUAN H , TAO R , et al. Constant envelope FrFT OFDM: spectral and energy efficiency analysis[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2019, 30 (3): 467- 473. doi: 10.21629/JSEE.2019.03.04
10	GOVONI M , LI H B , JOHN A , et al. Low probability of interception of an advanced noise radar waveform with linear-FM[J]. IEEE Trans.on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2013, 49 (2): 1351- 1356. doi: 10.1109/TAES.2013.6494419
11	ZHANG C W , YUE J , JIAO L B , et al. A novel physical layer encryption algorithm for LoRa[J]. IEEE Communications Letters, 2021, 25 (8): 2512- 2516. doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2021.3078669
12	TU X B , XU X M , ZOU Z G , et al. Fractional Fourier domain hopped communication method based on chirp modulation for underwater acoustic channels[J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2017, 28 (3): 449- 456. doi: 10.21629/JSEE.2017.03.05
13	宁晓燕, 赵东旭, 朱云飞, 等. 基于离散分数阶傅里叶变换的二维跳频通信系统及性能分析[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2023, 45 (2): 497- 504.
	NING X Y , ZHAO D X , ZHU Y F , et al. Two-dimensional frequency hopping communication system and performance analysis based on discrete fractional Fourier transform[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2023, 45 (2): 497- 504.
14	宁晓燕, 梁洪广, 王震铎, 等. 二维随机跳频系统性能分析[J]. 哈尔滨工程大学学报, 2022, 43 (2): 274- 281.
	NING X Y , LIANG H G , WANG Z D , et al. Performance analysis of a two-dimensional random frequency hopping system[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University, 2022, 43 (2): 274- 281.
15	TAO R , MENG X Y , WANG Y . Transform order division multiplexing[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 2011, 59 (2): 598- 609. doi: 10.1109/TSP.2010.2089680
16	肇启明, 张钦宇, 张乃通. 多进制chirp-rate键控调制及分数傅里叶变换法解调[J]. 通信学报, 2010, 31 (6): 1- 6. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-436X.2010.06.001
	ZHAO Q M , ZHANG Q Y , ZHANG N T . Multiple chirp-rate shift keying and a demodulation method based on fractional Fourier transform[J]. Journal on Communications, 2010, 31 (6): 1- 6. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-436X.2010.06.001
17	CHEN X , LIU Z , WEI X Z . Fast FrFT-based algorithm for 3-D LFM source localization with uniform circular array[J]. IEEE Access, 2018, 6, 2130- 2135. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2781798
18	SUN Q Y, ZHANG Y, WEI Y, et al. A novel multicomponent LFM signal detection based on fast block FrFT[C]//Proc. of the IET International Radar Conference, 2020: 1090-1094.
19	宋耀辉, 黄仰超, 张衡阳, 等. 基于FrFT的多分量LFM信号检测与参数估计方法[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2020, 46 (6): 1221- 1228.
	SONG Y H , HUANG Y C , ZHANG H Y , et al. Multicomponent LFM signal detection and parameter estimation method based on FrFT[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020, 46 (6): 1221- 1228.
20	张晓彤, 李书凯, 孙志国, 等. 时宽-波形基联合捷变的LPD通信波形[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2020, 42 (12): 2884- 2891. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-506X.2020.12.26
	ZHANG X T , LI S K , SUN Z G , et al. LPD communication waveform of joint time width waveform agility[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2020, 42 (12): 2884- 2891. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-506X.2020.12.26
21	ZHANG W , MALLIK R , LETAIEF K . Optimization of coo-perative spectrum sensing with energy detection in cognitive radio networks[J]. IEEE Trans.on Wireless Communications, 2009, 8 (12): 5761- 5766. doi: 10.1109/TWC.2009.12.081710
22	WANG T , HUAN H , TAO R , et al. Security-coded OFDM system based on multiorder fractional Fourier transform[J]. IEEE Communications Letters, 2016, 20 (12): 2474- 2477. doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2016.2611498
23	XU L Y , ZHANG F , TAO R . Fractional spectral analysis of randomly sampled signals and applications[J]. IEEE Trans.on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2017, 66 (11): 2869- 2881. doi: 10.1109/TIM.2017.2728438
24	宋晨, 周良将, 吴一戎, 等. 基于自相关-倒谱联合分析的无人机旋翼转动频率估计方法[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2019, 41 (2): 255- 261.
	SONG C , ZHOU L J , WU Y R , et al. An estimation method of rotation frequency of unmanned aerial vehicle based on auto-correlation and cepstrum[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2019, 41 (2): 255- 261.
25	MALLIK R , MURCH R . Channel capacity of an asymmetric constellation in Rayleigh fading with noncoherent energy detection[J]. IEEE Trans.on Wireless Communications, 2021, 20 (11): 7375- 7388. doi: 10.1109/TWC.2021.3083497
26	LU X B , HUANG Y Z , YAN S H , et al. Energy-efficient co-vert wireless communication through probabilistic jamming[J]. IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 2023, 12 (5): 932- 936. doi: 10.1109/LWC.2023.3253075
27	ALLY D , HUAN H , TAO R . Constant envelope FrFT OFDM: spectral and energy efficiency analysis[J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2019, 30 (3): 467- 473. doi: 10.21629/JSEE.2019.03.04
28	HAN G T , ZHANG J K , MU X M . Joint optimization of energy harvesting and detection threshold for energy harvesting cognitive radio networks[J]. IEEE Access, 2016, 4, 7212- 7222. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2616353
29	SUN Q Y, ZHANG Y, WEI Y, et al. A novel multicomponent LFM signal detection based on fast block FrFT[C]//Proc. of the IET International Radar Conference, 2020: 1090-1094.
30	BADU P , STOICA P . Multiple hypothesis testing-based cepstrum thresholding for nonparametric spectral estimation[J]. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 2022, 29, 2367- 2371. doi: 10.1109/LSP.2022.3222949

参数	波形
参数	FrFT-FH	FrFT-FH-VT	FrFT-FH-TDR
时宽/μs	64	64, 48, 80	64
带宽/MHz	1.09	1.09	1.09
扩频因子	7	7	7
分割系数	1	1	4, 5, 6

波形	时宽系数	时宽/ms	分割系数
FrFT-FH	1	1	1
FrFT-FH-VT	4	0.75, 1, 1.25, 1.5	1
FrFT-FH-TDR	1	1	3, 4, 5, 6

特征域	信噪比为10 dB条件下的检测概率
特征域	FrFT-FH	FrFT-FH-VT	FrFT-FH-TDR
功率谱域	0.1	0.1	0.1
分数阶傅里叶变换域	1	1	0.15
周期域	0.9	0.45	0.2

[1]	Zhiguo SUN, Yupeng SHA, Xiaoyan NING. Low detection probability communication technology based on NFM-BOK waveform [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 45(12): 4030-4039.
[2]	Xiaotong ZHANG, Shukai LI, Zhiguo SUN, Hong XIE. LPD communication waveform of joint time width waveform agility [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2020, 42(12): 2884-2891.

Design and performance analysis of LPD communication waveform based on FrFT-FH structure

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 15

References 30

Related Articles 2

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments