基于国密算法的伪卫星导航信号认证方法研究

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.12.33

Abstract

Abstract:

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) has many advantages, but in some civil and military fields with physical obstruction or electromagnetic interference, the availability, reliability and accuracy of GNSS are obviously insufficient. Therefore, a pseudo-satellite system based on ground equipment can be used for navigation and positioning services. Pseudo satellite is vulnerable to various spoofing attacks since the signal structure details is open to be accessed. In order to guarantee the signal transmission with more security, a signal anti-fake authentication scheme using navigation message encryption method is presented. The proposed scheme is evaluated by security, reliability and authentication efficiency. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme guarantees authentication effectiveness with low communication and calculation costs, which can solve the problems of pseudo satellite systems'lacking of authentication mechanism and potential security risks.

Key words: pseudo satellite, digital signature, navigation message authentication, national cryptographic algorithms

CLC Number:

TN967.2

Siyuan CHEN, Xiaohui BA, Bogen CAI, Wei JIANG, Jian WANG. Research on pseudo satellite navigation signal authentication method based on national cryptographic algorithms[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 45(12): 4021-4029.

Figures/Tables 21

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References 31

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名称	分类	明文长度/bit	密钥长度/bit	密文长度/bit
SM1	对称加密	不公开	128	128
SM2	非对称加密	256	公钥: 256	512
SM2	非对称加密	256	私钥: 128	512
SM3	摘要算法	≤2⁶⁴	无	256
SM4	对称加密	128	128	128

子帧号	页面编号	信息位长度/bit
1	N/A	65
2	N/A	2
3	N/A	2
4	1.6.11.16.21	184
4	2~5, 7~10	2
4	12.19.20.22.23.24	184
4	18	16
4	25	8
4	13	2
4	14.15.17	184
5	1~24	2
5	25	8

签名值位置	导航电文预留位
1-128	子帧4, 第21页面, 第91-114、121-144、151-174、181-204、211-234、271-278位
129-256	子帧4, 第22页面, 第91-114、121-144、151-174、181-204、211-234、271-278位
257-384	子帧4, 第23页面, 第91-114、121-144、151-174、181-204、211-234、271-278位
385-512	子帧4, 第24页面, 第91-114、121-144、151-174、181-204、211-234、271-278位

参数名称	英文表示	内容设置
素数	p	FFFFFFFE FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF 00000000 FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF
曲线参数1	a	FFFFFFFE FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF 00000000 FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFC
曲线参数2	b	28E9FA9E 9D9F5E34 4D5A9E4B CF6509A7 F39789F5 15AB8F92 DDBCBD41 4D940E93
基点坐标	x_G	32C4AE2C 1F198119 5F990446 6A39C994 8FE30BBF F2660BE1 715A4589 334C74C7
基点坐标	y_G	BC3736A2 F4F6779C 59BDCEE3 6B692153 D0A9877C C62A4740 02DF32E5 2139F0A0
基点阶段	n	FFFFFFFE FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF FFFFFFFF 7203DF6B 21C6052B 53BBF409 39D54123

密钥种类	结果
SM2私钥d	128B2FA8 BD433C6C 068C8D80 3DFF7979 2A519A55 171B1B65 0C23661D 15897263
SM2公钥x	D5548C78 25CBB561 50A3506C D57464AF 8A1AE051 9DFAF3C5 8221DC81 0CAF28DD
SM2公钥y	92107376 8FE3D59C E54E79A4 9445CF73 FED23086 53702726 4D168946 D479533E

Research on pseudo satellite navigation signal authentication method based on national cryptographic algorithms

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References 31

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待加密导航信息	生成密文
22C0012	464B189A 290B3FDB A940BDEE 7F328A4F B7E4471A 9C91DA38 39374F26 B3B6324E

部分导航信息生成摘要	签名r部分	签名s部分
1F8D1699	16339E45	464B189A
1E506070	7595363C	290B3FDB
8E4AB2D8	4867AC16	A940BDEE
A3219854	2757D9C4	7F328A4F
E6EF8AA9	EAAF5A02	B7E4471A
F22C4FF3	A7C8CC15	9C91DA38
F3FDEAEC	F6950B93	39374F26
6A4886E6	25EDCFBC	B3B6324E

参数	文献[18]	文献[31]	本文方法
适用系统	BeiDou-Ⅱ	BeiDouI/Ⅱ	卫星/PL
密码算法	ECDSA	ECDSA	SM2/SM3
认证方法	NMA	NMA	NMA
签名长度	256位(2个)	466位	512位
插入位置	第5子帧第11~24页	第5子帧第11~24页	第4子帧 21~24页面
TBA/s	39.00	125.00	30.02

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