基于层次聚类和谱适应的雷达信号分选方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2025.01.11

Abstract

Abstract:

Complex signal sorting constitutes a crucial aspect of electronic warfare. In the complex electromagnetic environment, signals intercepted by reconnaissance aircraft are seldom ideal and may suffer from pulse loss and clutter interference, leading to suboptimal outcomes for traditional signal sorting methods. To address these issues, a radar signal sorting method based on hierarchical clustering and spectrum adaptation is proposed. The algorithm employs neural decision trees to detect clutter in interleaved pulse streams, enhances the sorting efficacy in scattered clutter scenes, and dynamically adjusts thresholds according to the pulse repetition cycle spectrum to sort different types of pulse repetition interval (PRI) modulated signals. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits high accuracy and stability even under conditions of high density, pulse loss, or scattered clutter.

Key words: radar signal sorting, complex electromagnetic environment, hierarchical clustering, pulse repetition interval (PRI)

CLC Number:

TN957.51

Xiankang SU, Dawei ZHANG, Fang YE. Radar signal sorting method based on hierarchical clustering and spectral adaptation[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2025, 47(1): 101-108.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 1

Table 2

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

Fig.12

Fig.13

References 30

1	SHAPERO S . Introduction to modern EW systems[J]. IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, 2019, 34 (8): 62- 63. doi: 10.1109/MAES.2019.2921175
2	JIA J W, LIU L M, HAN Z Z. Research on anti-sorting signal design technology based on precise combination of stagger signal PRI[C]//Proc. of the 4th International Conference on Power, Intelligent Computing and Systems, 2022.
3	APFELD S , CHARLISH A . Recognition of unknown radar emitters with machine learning[J]. IEEE Trans.on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2021, 57 (6): 4433- 4447. doi: 10.1109/TAES.2021.3098125
4	隋金坪, 刘振, 刘丽. 雷达辐射源信号分选研究进展[J]. 雷达学报, 2022, 11 (3): 418- 433.
	SUI J P , LIU Z , LIU L . Research progress on radar emitter signal sorting[J]. Journal of Radars, 2022, 11 (3): 418- 433.
5	WANG S Q , HU G P , ZHANG Q L , et al. The background and significance of radar signal sorting research in modern warfare[J]. Procedia Computer Science, 2019, 154, 519- 523. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2019.06.080
6	LANG P , FU X J , CUI Z D , et al. Subspace decomposition based adaptive density peak clustering for radar signals sorting[J]. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 2022, 29, 424- 428. doi: 10.1109/LSP.2021.3139528
7	MARDIA H K . New techniques for the deinter leaving of repetitive sequences[J]. IEE Proceedings F (Radar and Signal Processing), 1989, 136 (4): 149- 154. doi: 10.1049/ip-f-2.1989.0025
8	MILOEVIC D J , POPOVIC B M . Improved algorithm for the deinter leaving of radar pulses[J]. IEE Proceedings F (Radar and Signal Processing), 1992, 139 (1): 98- 104. doi: 10.1049/ip-f-2.1992.0012
9	MAO Y, HAN J, GUO H G, et al. An improved algorithm of PRI transform[C]//Proc. of the WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems, 2009: 145-149.
10	ZHU M T , LI Y J , WANG S F . Model-based time series clustering and interpulse modulation parameter estimation of multifunction radar pulse sequences[J]. IEEE Trans.on Aerospace and Electronic, 2021, 57 (6): 3673- 3690. doi: 10.1109/TAES.2021.3082660
11	ZHU M T , WANG S F , LI Y J . Model-based representation and deinterleaving of mixed radar pulse sequences with neural machine network[J]. IEEE Trans.on Translation Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2021, 58 (3): 1733- 1752.
12	YUAN S , KANG S Q , SHANG W X , et al. Reconstruction of radar pulse repetition pattern via semantic coding of intercepted pulse trains[J]. IEEE Trans.on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2023, 59 (1): 394- 403. doi: 10.1109/TAES.2022.3187385
13	CHENG W H , ZHANG Q Y , DONG J M , et al. An enhanced algorithm for deinterleaving mixed radar signals[J]. IEEE Trans.on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2021, 57 (6): 3927- 3940. doi: 10.1109/TAES.2021.3087832
14	DADGARNIA A , SADEGHI M T . A novel of method deinter leaving radar pulse sequences based on a modified DBSCAN algorithm[J]. China Communications, 2023, 20 (2): 198- 215. doi: 10.23919/JCC.2023.02.012
15	MA J T , YU J P , LIANG G , et al. Maneuvering target coherent integration and detection in PRI-staggered radar systems[J]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2021, 19, 3508205.
16	周兰兰, 仇洪冰, 周陬. 基于数据场聚类与时差的雷达信号分选方法[J]. 桂林电子科技大学学报, 2021, 41 (2): 92- 98.
	ZHOU L L , QIU H B , ZHOU C . Radar signal sorting method based on data field clustering and time difference[J]. Journal of Guilin University of Electronic Technology, 2021, 41 (2): 92- 98.
17	CHI K , SHEN J H , LI Y , et al. Multi-function radar signal sorting based on complex network[J]. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 2020, 28, 91- 95.
18	吴连慧, 周秀珍, 宋新超. 基于改进OPTICS聚类的雷达信号预分选方法[J]. 舰船电子对抗, 2018, 41 (6): 95- 99.
	WU L H , ZHOU X Z , SONG X C . Radar signal pre-sorting method based on improved OPTICS clustering[J]. Naval Electronic Countermeasures, 2018, 41 (6): 95- 99.
19	刘鲁涛, 王璐璐, 陈涛. 基于改进DSets的无参数雷达信号分选算法[J]. 中国舰船研究, 2021, 16 (4): 232- 238.
	LIU L T , WANG L L , CHEN T . Parameter-free radar signal sorting algorithm based on improved DSets[J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, 2021, 16 (4): 232- 238.
20	刘宇浩. 基于机器学习的雷达辐射源信号分选技术研究与应用[D] 北京: 北京邮电大学, 2021.
	LIU Y H. Research and application of radar emitter signal sorting technology based on machine learning[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2021.
21	WANG H Y , ZHU M T , FAN R Z . Parametric model-based deinterleaving of radar signals with non-ideal observations via maximum likelihood solution[J]. IET Radar Sonar and Navigation, 2022, 16 (8): 1253- 1268.
22	WANG X Y , FU X J , DONG J , et al. Dynamic modified chao-tic particle swarm optimization for radar signal sorting[J]. IEEE Access, 2021, 9, 88452- 88466.
23	CHEN X, LIU D, WANG X, et al. Improved DBSCAN radar signal sorting algorithm based on rough set[C]//Proc. of the 2nd International Conference on Big Data and Informatization Education, 2021: 398-401.
24	FENG X, HU X X, LIU Y. Radar signal sorting algorithm of k-means clustering based on data field[C]//Proc. of the 3rd IEEE International Conference on Computer and Communications, 2017: 2262-2266.
25	CAO S, WANG S C, ZHANG Y. Density-based fuzzy c-means multi-center re-clustering radar signal sorting algorithm[C]//Proc. of the 17th IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications, 2018: 891-896.
26	HOU J , GAO H J , LI X L . DSets-DBSCAN: a parameter-free clustering algorithm[J]. IEEE Trans.on Image Processing, 2016, 25 (7): 3182- 3193.
27	LIU Y H, CHEN Y, SUN S L. A radar signal sorting algorithm based on PRI[C]//Proc. of the 19th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 2019: 144-149.
28	MISHKIN D, MATAS J. All you need is a good init[EB/OL]. [2023-12-16]. https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.06422v7.
29	WANG X F, WANG H Y, TIAN R L, et al. Radar signal sorting based on TOA key matching and square sine wave interpolation[C]//Proc. of the International Conference on Wireless Communications and Smart Grid, 2021: 159-162.
30	POPOV S, MOROZOV S, BABENKO A. Neural oblivious decision ensembles for deep learning on tabular data[C]//Proc. of the International Conference on Learning Representations, 2020.

信号类型	重复周期/μs	CF/GHz	PW/ns	到达角/(°)	辐射源个数/个
常规	[500, 1 000]	[1 000, 2 000]	[5, 15]	[5, 15]	3
参差	[1 500, 3 000]	[7 000, 8 000]	[26, 36]	[10, 30]	3
捷变频	[1 500, 2 000]	[3 500, 7 000]	[5, 15]	[10, 35]	2
脉间捷变	[1 500, 2 000]	[3 500, 7 000]	[5, 15]	[10, 35]	2

方法	分选准确度	常规	参差	脉间捷变	脉组捷变
K-means	70.7	89.6	31.8	77.4	84.1
DBSCAN	96.4	94.3	97.2	97.4	97.1
XGBoost	97.4	97.7	97.2	96.4	95.3
本文方法	97.7	97.7	97.2	98.5	95.9

[1]	Zhiqiang CAO, Jia ZHANG, Bin XIN. UAV search coverage planning under intermittent information transmission condition [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2024, 46(1): 152-161.
[2]	Jinwei JIA, Zhuangzhi HAN, Limin LIU, Hui XIE. Design principle of radar radio frequency stealth signal based on SDIF threshold failure [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 45(6): 1693-1701.
[3]	Tao CHEN, Fuyue LIU, Jinxin LI, Yu LEI. End-to-end radar signal sorting based on deep segmentation [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 45(5): 1351-1358.
[4]	Zhixing LIU, Yinghui QUAN, Guoyao XIAO, Mengdao XING. Signal design method for integrated radar and communication based on PRI agility [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2021, 43(10): 2836-2842.
[5]	ZHANG Yixiao, GUO Wenpu, KANG kai, YAO Yunlong, ZHANG Linke, ZHANG Wei. Radar signal sorting method based on data field combined PRI transform and clustering [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2019, 41(7): 1509-1515.
[6]	LIAO Mengchen, SUN Peng, ZHANG Jieyong, WU Junsheng. Solving method for decision-makers configuration problems based on rollout strategy [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2018, 40(5): 1057-1063.
[7]	ZHANG Xiujie, GAO Xiaoxia, ZHANG Hu, ZHAO Jie. Clustering-based multi-objective estimation of distribution algorithm and its application [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2018, 40(1): 198-208.
[8]	CHEN Tao, WANG Tianghang, GUO Limin. Sequence searching methods of radar signal pulses based on PRI transform algorithm [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2017, 39(6): 1261-1267.
[9]	ZHANG Jie-yong, LAN Yu-shi, YI Kan, MAO Shao-jie, WANG Heng. Model and solving method for adaptive evolution of command and control relationship in C⁴ISR system [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2015, 37(7): 1543-1550.
[10]	LI Xiao-yang, ZHOU De-yun, FENG Qi. Multiple routes planning for A* algorithm based on hierarchical planning [J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2015, 37(2): 318-322.
[11]	ZHANG Jie-yong， YAO Pei-yang. Model and solving method for collocating problem of decision makers in C2 organization [J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2012, 34(4): 737-742.
[12]	ZHOU Xiang-xiang, YAO Pei-yang, WANG Xin. Command and control resource deployment based on improved hierarchical clustering method [J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2012, 34(3): 523-528.
[13]	WEI Guoqiang, YANG Yongqing. Dispatching model of continuous consumption resources in wartime under insufficient supply [J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2012, 34(1): 102-106.
[14]	LI Zhao-qiang， ZHOU De-yun. Buffetless discrete variable structure guidance law for UAV based on disturbance compensation [J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2010, 32(3): 655-659.
[15]	ZHOU Hong-juan,LIU Shuai,JIN Ming,QIAO Xiao-lin. Radar signal preselection based on DOA parameters [J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2009, 31(11): 2575-2577 .

Radar signal sorting method based on hierarchical clustering and spectral adaptation

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 15

References 30

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments